Non-Implementation of Mulki Rules
- Despite the promises, there were widespread reports of violations of the Mulki Rules.
- Government jobs and educational seats intended for Telangana locals were increasingly occupied by people from the Andhra region.
Specific Violations
- Recruitment processes often ignored the domicile criteria, leading to a significant number of jobs being filled by non-locals.
- Key administrative positions in Telangana were often held by individuals from Andhra, leading to feelings of neglect and discrimination among locals.
Protests in Kothagudem and Other Places
Kothagudem Protests
- Kothagudem, a town in the Telangana region, became a significant center for protests against these violations.
- The Singareni Collieries Company Limited (SCCL), a major public sector enterprise in the area, was a focal point for these protests as locals demanded fair employment practices.
Major Incidents
- Protests and Strikes
- Workers and local activists organized strikes and demonstrations demanding the implementation of the Mulki Rules and fair employment practices.
- These protests often saw significant participation from the local populace, including students and intellectuals.
- Violence and Police Action
- Some protests turned violent, leading to clashes between protesters and police.
- The use of force by the police to disperse crowds further fueled the anger and resolve of the protesters.
Other Affected Areas
- Similar protests erupted in other parts of Telangana, including Warangal, Karimnagar, and Hyderabad.
- These protests were characterized by rallies, strikes, and sit-ins, with the common demand for the proper implementation of the Mulki Rules and the safeguarding of local employment rights.
Government Response and Further Developments
Initial Government Response
- The Andhra Pradesh government issued various orders and assurances to placate the protesters.
- Government Order 36 (GO 36) was one such measure, reaffirming the implementation of Mulki Rules and reserving jobs for locals.
Continued Discontent
- Despite these measures, the implementation was often seen as inadequate, leading to continued dissatisfaction.
- The perceived lack of genuine commitment by the government to enforce these rules kept the agitation alive.
Long-Term Impact and Resolution
Resurgence of the Telangana Movement
- The failure to adequately address employment violations and local grievances contributed to the resurgence of the Telangana movement in the subsequent decades.
- The movement gained significant momentum in the 1990s and 2000s, leading to widespread support for the demand for a separate state.
Formation of Telangana State
- The persistent agitation and political pressure eventually led to the formation of the separate state of Telangana on June 2, 2014.
- This new state aimed to address the historical grievances and ensure fair representation and opportunities for the people of Telangana.
Q.Briefly describe the violations of employment and service rules in Telangana after the formation of united AP.
| Why was this question asked? | Keywords in the syllabus: Violation of Employment and Service Rules |
| Approach:
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The examiner will expect your answer to include the following things:
· Violations surrounding earlier agreements and Mulki rules and other promises. · Violations in employment and services in Telangana. |
| Introduction:
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The Andhra rulers promoted the interests of Andhra rulers and totally neglected and ignored the rights of local Telangana employees. They transgressed Government orders, Legality of the Acts, Presidential Orders, Constitutional regulations, and orders of the highest judicial body, the supreme court. |
| Body:
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Violations of employment and service rules:
· Andhra rulers violated ‘Andhra Pradesh Public Employment (Requirement as to residence) Rules, 1959’. Particularly in the revenue department, bogus Mulki certificates were issued to employ non-locals. The 2:1 ratio for recruitment was never considered. In fact, the open posts were considered as reserved posts for non-locals. · Andhra rulers made strange rules prescribing educational qualifications, the facilities for which were not available in Telangana. For instance, appointment of non-locals in teaching posts. There were about 2500 non-locals employed in teacher posts. There were no teacher training institutes at that time resulting in non-availability of trained teachers in Telangana. · 44 employees from Forest Department who were retrenched in the Andhra region were appointed in Forest Department of Telangana; violating all employment rules and regulations. · The integration of services and promotions were stalled intentionally. Junior employees who were Andhras were promoted to higher positions by successive governments. For example, the Telangana officers were in positions of 26, 28, 30, 31, 32, 35-37 & 45-48; but the Andhra officers from 54-59 in the gradation list were granted promotions before the above-mentioned Telangana officers. · In some departments, the government took 12 years’ time to announce the list of common gradations. For example, lists of common gradation in public health department, engineering, and public works department were not prepared. · An example of another violation is that, out of 120 executive engineers promoted to higher positions, there were only 6 Telangana employees. · Posts which belonged to Telangana quota were abolished and later created only to fill them up with Andhras. The appointments done for the posts in Survey, land records, and for assistant public prosecutors were some examples. · Spouse case conditions and compassionate case appointments were also given to non-locals in Telangana. |
| Conclusion:
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Since the very first day of Andhra Pradesh formation, there have been violations towards Telangana in various issues like employment, promotions, revision of salaries, transfers, authority, and domination of Andhra officials in the administration. There was widespread discontent in Telangana employees, who later became crucial for Telangana agitation. |
