In 1915,Hyderabad Education Conference, the first education related conference in Hyderabad State was organized with the initiation of Mir Akbar Ali, the editor of Urdu journal Sahipah. They were later held at Aurangabad in 1916, at Hyderabad in 1917, 1918 and at Latur in 1919). The first conference was organized by Moharmmad Murthujah. According to the resolutions oade at the conference, Mir Akbar Ali gave a memorandum to the Nizam government regarding the establishment of a University.
Nizam Mir Osman Ali Khan issued a firman in 1918 for the foundation of a University on his name, From 28 August 1918, classes were started in Abids on behalf of the present Osmania University.
The system followed in the University was the Abliyakat system. According to this system, the Hindu students had to study the writings of other religions. But the Muslim students need not follow the system. The students should wear the Uniform with blue sherwani and pajama according to Islamic culture.
Vandemataram Movement 1938
The Nizam state imposed several restrictions on conducting meetings and conferences, particularly on political meetings. Hence Madapati Hanumantha Rao (Andhra Pitamaha) father of Andhra, Vaman Raghavandhra Sarma used to conduct political meetings outside the Nizam state. Those are, in 1923 meeting at Kakinada, in 1926 Bombay, in 1929 Pune, in 1939 Lucknow. In those meetings they demanded for the formation of a responsible government in Nizam state. During this period Nizam passed GO. 53 i.e. Gasthinishan Thirpan. Which took away freedom of speech and independence of individuals.
Students of Nizam state used to sing Morning Prayer praising Nizam. Prayer was like this: Tha Abdh Malik Aalam Aeriasath Rakkhe. Thujuko osman basdh Ijlal salamath rakkhe. Which means, god bless Nizam state, Nizam shall always have the blessings of God. Students were rusticated if they denied singing Morning Prayer praising Nizam. It was because of the influence of the Nationalist movement, Satyagraha movement of state Congress, Arya Samaj activities, and Ayyangar Committee etc.
The students started singing Vandemnthram songs. In the year 1938 Osmania Univerşity 8 hostel students, when they assembled to celebrate Dussehra festival sang Vandemanthram song, they continued to sing Vandemathram and other devotional songs everyday when they met in the reading room, majority of them were Hindu students. Students did not honor the circular and in 1938 started a movement against the circular, which is called Vande Mataram movement. On 28, November 1938 Nizam banned singing Vandemantharam songs. Students gradually expanded the Vandemataram Movement. University officials rusticated the students and ordered them to vacate hostels immediately.
Against the unseemly action of University authorities, students started strike and picketing in front of University gate, this news spread to all districts of Nizam state and other educational institutions in Hyderabad. Students of Aurangabad, Warangal and Gulbarga, Parbhani, Nanded and Mahabubnagar had also joined in strike and boycotted classes. Students gave up wearing pajamas and sherwani and started wearing a shirt and dhoti. Students also demanded to teach Post Graduate classes in Telugu, Marathi and Kannada languages.
Students participated in strike from 29h November to 10h December. Within a short period., students will be allowed to attend classes, only if they give an apology letter. Students refused to let the Vandemataram Movement spread to the entire Nizam state. Nizam State issued a circular stating that, apology letter. Resulted 350 Osmania University students, 200 students form Gulbarga colleges and high schools, nearly 500 students from Aurangabad colleges and high schools were removed from educational institutions, Nizam government wrote a letter to Inter University Board not to give admissions to these removed students in other educational institutions. Andhra University and Banara University accepted Nizam’s request as they were receiving 2 lacs grant from Nizam every yéar.
The Vice Chancelļor of Nagpur University was Justice Kedarnath Patri. The science students got admission in Nagpur campus and the Arts students got admission ín Jabalpur. Andhra and Benares Universities refused to admit the rusticated students. The Vice Chancellor of Andhra University was Cattamanchi Ramalinga Reddy and the Vice Chancellor of Benares University was Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan. Nehru, Bose, V.D.Savarkar and Vallabh bhai Patel had written letters to the students congratulating them. Gandhiji declared that every Indian has the right to sing Vandemataram. Some students like Devualpalli Venkateswara Rao brought Jabalpur Marxist literature along with them.
