Vande Mataram Movement was the most significant movement in the history of Hyderabad freedom struggle. The Nizam Government has forbidden the singing of Vande Matram all over the state including the educational Institutions and Hostels, and it became a symbol of nationalist agitation. It was used for rousing the nationalistic sprit among the People.
The Nationalists of Hyderabad state belonging to Araya Samaj, Hindu Maha Sabha, Praja Mandal, Nijam Karnataka Parishath, Andhra Maha Sabha, and Marati Maha Mandala the civil liberties and student union forget their socio-political labels to launch a united struggle called Vande Mataram in 1938 to fight for the basic civil and political rights of the people.
The origin of this movement in Hyderabad state may be traced in the decision of Nizam Government to conduct special (Religious Discourse) classes viz, Dinayat in all Educational Institutions exclusively for Muslim students. The non-Muslim students were not permitted to sit in the class room during Dinyat.
The Muslim Pandits and Kazis were appointed to teach the gospel of the Quran to Muslims. Muslim students were offering prayers (Namaz) in educational institutions and in University Hostels.
Besides at the commencement of the classes the students including Hindus and Muslims of Tahatania (Primary School) Phokaniya (High School) were to sing “Do Al Men Riya Sabe” which meant “Let Nizam Live Long”, the prayer was in Persian mixed with Urdu language.
Although technically outside British India, Hyderabad State was closely allied with the British government, with its Nizam having the title of the “Most Faithful Ally of the British Government.” The Nizam gave patronage to the Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen, a party dedicated to preserving Islamic rule in the state, and allowed its militant wing, the Razakars, to operate freely. Its leaders Bahadur Yar Jung and Qasim Razvi became close advisers to the Nizam.
In February 1938, the Indian National Congress passed the Haripura resolution declaring that the princely states are “an integral part of India,” and that it stood for “the same political, social and economic freedom in the States as in the rest of India.”
Encouraged by this, the standing committee of the People’s Convention proposed to form a Hyderabad State Congress and an enthusiastic drive to enrol members was begun. By July 1938, the committee claimed to have enrolled 1200 primary members and declared that elections would soon be held for the office-bearers.
