Emergence of Modern City/Later Asaf Jahi Phase (A.D. 1874-1948)
Emergence of Modern City/Later Asaf Jahi Phase (A.D. 1874-1948)
Emergence of Modern City/Later Asaf Jahi Phase (A.D. 1874-1948)
Emergence of Modern City/Later Asaf Jahi Phase (A.D. 1874-1948)
Emergence of Modern City/Later Asaf Jahi Phase (A.D. 1874-1948)
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Emergence of Modern City/Later Asaf Jahi Phase (A.D. 1874-1948)
Emergence of Modern City/Later Asaf Jahi Phase (A.D. 1874-1948)
Emergence of Modern City/Later Asaf Jahi Phase (A.D. 1874-1948)
Emergence of Modern City/Later Asaf Jahi Phase (A.D. 1874-1948)
Emergence of Modern City/Later Asaf Jahi Phase (A.D. 1874-1948)
Emergence of Modern City/Later Asaf Jahi Phase (A.D. 1874-1948)
Emergence of Modern City/Later Asaf Jahi Phase (A.D. 1874-1948)
Emergence of Modern City/Later Asaf Jahi Phase (A.D. 1874-1948)
Emergence of Modern City/Later Asaf Jahi Phase (A.D. 1874-1948)
Emergence of Modern City/Later Asaf Jahi Phase (A.D. 1874-1948)
- The Hyderabad city growth phase from the commencement of the Railways in 1874 to till the accession of Hyderabad into Indian Union in A.D. 1948 may be termed as the Emergence of Modern City/Later Asaf Jahi Phase.
- With the advent of railways, urban growth was oriented towards the railway stations, goods yards, associated warehouse areas and industrial regions. Rapid extension of settlements north of the river occurred around Begum Bazaar. Chaderghat and the Residency bazaar.
- The location of another railway station at Kachiguda led to the establishment of localities such as Kachiguda. Nimbolika Adda, Barkatpura and Chappal Bazaar. New colonies came up at Amberpet, Adikmet and Malakpet.
- The continued urban growth persuaded the ruler to take a number of steps. A department of Municipal and Road maintenance had already been formed in A.D. 1869 with a Municipal Commissioner as its head. The city water works’ scheme for filtered water from Mir Alam tank was prepared in A.D. 1888 thus. In 1889 a Hyderabad Water Works Department was also formed. In the year 1896. The Chaderghat Municipality was separately constituted because of its enhanced large built up area with which the Smith city assumed two distinct titles, Andrun’ and ‘Babrun’ i.e., inside and outside the city wall.
- Such were the conditions in Hyderabad which suddenly changed its course when disastrous floods in the river Musi, in A.D. 1908, severely affected parts of the city near the river banks. The floods, consequently hastened the stagnation in the walled city.
- The devastation caused by floods also made the ruler (Nizam) to realize the pitfalls of unplanned growth. A planning body called City Improvement Board was Setup in A.D 1912 to look after the problem of city development. This planning body worked under the able guidance of Sir M. Vishveshwarayya, an eminent engineer from Mysore.
- The Board controlled the grant of building permits on main roads and in areas where improvement schemes were to be undertaken. As a post-flood measure, rebuilding was prohibited within a certain distance of the river. This project achieved the twin purpose of not only beautifying the river front but also removing chances of such a disaster from occurring ever again. The river was dammed at two locations to tame river water; one in the year 1917/(Osman Sagar Lake), and the other one in 1927 (Himayat Sagar Lake). These lakes have helped not only in taming the river but were the sole source for supply of drinking water to twin cities.
- The introduction of suburban train services in the year 1928 and the suburban bus services in 1932 helped to further unite the cities of Hyderabad and Secunderabad into one great conurbation and also saved the southern half of the city from disintegration and depopulation. Although the intra-city bus and train services saved the southern half from depopulation, it did not result in any industrial growth or any economic function being centered there, as it (walled city) remained essentially a residential area for all classes of people.
- The most important political event that had a tremendous effect on the growth of the city, especially the Southern half of the city, was the Police Action launched by the Government of India in September, 1948. to liberate the state of Hyderabad from the Nizam’s control and integrate it with the Indian Union. This event was preceded by other related events which played a role in the instability and economic depres- sion. The partition of India (in A.D. 1947) and the communal riots in northern India saw a mass exodus of Muslim population into Hyderabad State, especially its capital.
- Operation Polo in 1948 marked a significant shift in the history of the Hyderabad Kingdom. The Nizam of Hyderabad, Mir Osman Ali Khan, governed a largely Hindu populace as a Muslim ruler.
- Tensions between Hyderabad and the Republic of India increased, resulting in Indian military intervention. The Indian government viewed the Nizam’s hesitation to integrate with India as a threat to national sovereignty, leading to the launch of Operation Polo in September 1948.
- Indian forces swiftly defeated Hyderabad’s military, incorporating the state into India and terminating the Nizam’s reign. Various factors, including religious divisions, delayed decision-making, and the termination of British alliances, contributed to Hyderabad’s decline.
- Today, Hyderabad stands as a prominent city, serving as the capital of Telangana, renowned for its technology, commerce, and rich cultural heritage.
- Hyderabad city population increased from 448,466 in the year 190l to 739, 1 59 in 1941. Hyderabad popula- tion, during the period (1901-1941), increased at a very less pace. As the Nizam’s state ofHyderabad was predominantly an agrarian state could attract few people from the rural areas that manifested in the low urban growth of Hyderabad. The second decade of the 20h century (1911- 1921) witnessed a negative growth (-19,21 %) in the city, which can be observed even at all India levels, during the same period. With the development of modem transportation, education and business services in the city, urban growth started to increase from the 4th decade of 20th century (1931 -1941), in which the city witnessed a remarkable 58% of growth in population.
