The term mesolithic is generally used for hunting gathering stone age cultures marked by the use of microliths . The mesolithic economy, have given evidence of the domestication of animals. Some sites seem to have been permanent or semi-permanent settlements, or at least settlements that were repeatedly inhabited over long periods of time. Also Many environmental changes took place during this Age like,

Fig  Mesolithic tools

• Increasing aridity in soil.
• High Rainfall etc.

• Mesolithic people made a number of technological innovations like bow and arrow for hunting; querns, grinders and hammer stones for grinding and pulverising plant foods like roots, tubers and seeds.
• Microliths, which existed since the Upper Palaeolithic period, were little tools that could only be 3 cm long. 
• The process for creating microliths was to punch and crush tougher materials such as agate, chalcedony, flint carnelian, and so on. 
• Microliths came in both geometric (trapeze, triangular, lunate or crescent) and non-geometric forms. their modest size suggests that they were utilized as composite tools, hafted in wood or bone.
• Macroliths, or bigger tools, were also used. These included axes and picks, as well as scrapers, which were a continuation of Upper Palaeolithic tools.
• Bone and antler tools were also used. and regular use of fire for Indian Mesolithic Cultures roasting meat, tubers, etc. They created a large volume of art in the form of several thousand paintings and engravings, which not only tell us about their aesthetic taste but also about their capability for innovating new technological elements, modes of subsistence economy, items of material culture, social organisation and religion.

Q. Mesolithic rock cut architecture of India not only reflects the cultural life of the times but also a fine aesthetic sense comparable to modern painting. Critically evaluate this (2015) UPSC