• Statement 1 is correct: The Special Intensive Revision (SIR) aims to update and verify electoral rolls across India through field verification and digital reconciliation to ensure accuracy, inclusiveness, and removal of duplicates or errors.
• Statement 2 is incorrect: The SIR is conducted under the provisions of the Representation of the People Act, 1950, not the 1951 Act. The 1950 Act deals with the preparation and revision of electoral rolls, while the 1951 Act governs conduct of elections.
• Statement 3 is correct: The first phase of the SIR will cover 10–15 states, including Tamil Nadu, West Bengal, Kerala, Assam, and Puducherry, which are scheduled to go for Assembly elections in 2026.
• Therefore, option C is the correct answer.

• Statement 1 is correct: The concept of Shikshit Bharat indeed emphasizes that education, skill development, and technological learning form the foundation for realizing the vision of Viksit Bharat by 2047. It focuses on creating a knowledge-driven, innovation-oriented society capable of competing globally.
• Statement 2 is incorrect: The idea of Shikshit Bharat does not advocate reliance on natural resource exploitation. Instead, it stresses that India’s long-term growth should be driven by human capital formation, research, and adoption of advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence, rather than dependence on natural resources.
• Therefore, option A is the correct answer.

• Statement 1 is correct: The National Household Income Survey (NHIS), announced by the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI), will be India’s first-ever survey to directly collect data on household incomes. Previously, income information was estimated indirectly through consumption expenditure surveys.
• Statement 2 is incorrect: The NHIS is not intended to replace the Consumer Expenditure Survey (CES). Instead, it will complement it by providing direct income data to help improve the accuracy of poverty and inequality estimates.
• Statement 3 is correct: Ensuring anonymity of respondents and building public awareness about the purpose of the survey are considered crucial for its success, as income is a sensitive topic and accurate data depends on public trust and participation.
• Therefore, option B is the correct answer.

• Statement 1 is correct — PM Modi announced 2026 as the Year of ASEAN–India Maritime Cooperation focusing on maritime security, HADR, and blue economy.
• Statement 2 is incorrect — the theme of the 47th ASEAN Summit was “Inclusivity and Sustainability,” not “Building a Resilient Indo-Pacific Economy.”
• Therefore, option A is the correct answer.

• Statement 1 – Correct: Rabindranath Tagore first sang Vande Mataram at the 1896 Calcutta session of the Indian National Congress, giving it national prominence.
• Statement 2 – Correct: The song was written in Sanskritized Bengali by Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay in 1875 and later included in his novel Anandamath (1882).
• Statement 3 – Incorrect: The Constituent Assembly (1950) adopted only the first two stanzas of Vande Mataram as the National Song, not the entire composition, to maintain inclusivity.
• Therefore, option A is the correct answer.

• The e-Courts Project is a Mission Mode Project under the National e-Governance Plan (NeGP).
• It is implemented by the Department of Justice (DoJ) under the Ministry of Law and Justice, Government of India.
• The project is carried out in coordination with the e-Committee of the Supreme Court of India and the National Informatics Centre (NIC).
• Therefore, option B is the correct answer.

Explanation

Assertion (A) – Correct:

• The Supreme Court of India on October 27, 2025, upheld the Calcutta High Court’s June 2025 directive ordering the Union Government to resume MGNREGS works in West Bengal.
• The Court reaffirmed that an indefinite suspension of a statutory welfare scheme like MGNREGS violates the constitutional right to livelihood and contradicts the spirit and purpose of the MGNREG Act, 2005.
• The ruling restored wage-based employment rights to nearly 25 million rural workers who had been deprived since December 2021.

Reason (R) – Incorrect:

• While the MGNREG Act provides a legal right to demand work, implementation is shared between Centre and States.
• The Centre funds 100% of wages and 75% of material costs, but States are responsible for execution, including providing work within 15 days, maintaining records, and conducting social audits.
• Therefore, the Centre is not solely responsible for implementation and funding of all components.
• Hence, R is partly incorrect and does not correctly explain A.
• Therefore, option C is the correct answer.