CHALLENGES OF SOCIAL TRANSFORMATION

1. CHALLENGES OF SOCIAL TRANSFORMATION 

A. Violence Against Women & Gender Issues

1. To what extent have the legal provisions been effective in curbing violence against women in India? Give your argument. (2024)
2. Explain the thematic linkages between ‘Patriarchy’ and ‘Honour killing’ in India, citing some recent cases. (2023)
3. Discuss law as an important instrument for women’s empowerment. (2022)
4. Does “economic empowerment” automatically bring about “substantive empowerment” for women? Briefly describe the main issues in women empowerment in India. (2021)
5. What is POSH Act? “Identification of tormentor by women at workplace does not come easily even today.” Examine. (2019)
6. What are the reasons for the escalation of violence against women in the public domain? (2017)
7. Write short note with a sociological perspective: Feminization of poverty. (2015)
8. How serious is the problem of trafficking against women and children in India? (2015)
9. To what extent the Muslim Personal Law Board is in agreement with Islamic feminist Agenda. (2015)
10. Write short notes with a sociological perspective: Domestic Violence Act, 2005. (2014)
11. What are the possible underlying causes of the spurt of increased violence against women in public spaces in the last decade? (2014)
12. Describe those social changes which have contributed to increase of violence against women. What are the emerging forms of violence against women? Suggest suitable measures. (2012)
13. Write short note: Structural factors behind violence against women. (2011)
14. Write short note with a sociological perspective: Women in the I.T. sector. (2010)
15. Discuss the problems of working women in India. (2013)
16. Comment on the factors behind the changing status of women in urban India. (2016)

B. Development, Displacement & Environment

1. Is it possible to have sustainable development in India? Cite major environmental issues and suggest a few measures to achieve the sustainability. (20 marks) (2025)
2. Analyse the trilogy between environmental movement, development and tribal identity. (2024)
3. What is sustainable development? How can sustainability be achieved in India where livelihood needs conflict with environmental protection? (2024)
4. Citing some case studies, expand the concept of ‘Development-induced Displacement’. (2023)
5. The problem of displacement is inherent in the idea of development. Analyse. (2021)
6. Has reduction of green cover affected ecological degradation leading to global warming? (2019)
7. Discuss development-induced displacement in the context of tribal uprising in India. Substantiate with one detailed illustration. (2018)
8. Write short note with a sociological Perspective: Effect of displacement through development on the rural landless and marginal farmers. (2015)
9. Write short note with a sociological perspective: Rural landless labourers and development induced displacement. (2014)
10. Discuss some of the striking issues of development-induced imbalances that need urgent attention. (2017)
11. Do you think that some policies and laws relating to environment have retarded the development process? Give examples. How can an ideal balance be brought about? (2012)
12. How do you define development? What are your suggestions to resolve the issues of displacement and environment related to development? (2008)

C. Poverty, Inequality & Farmers’ Issues

1. What are the Indian government’s schemes launched for poverty alleviation after the United Nation’s Declaration of ‘Sustainable Development Goals – 2015’? Briefly describe. (10 marks) (2025)
2. Indebtedness is one of the serious issues leading to farmers’ suicides. Discuss reasons and suggest solutions. (2017)
3. Discuss the emerging forms of ‘inequalities’ and ‘acute poverty’ as major challenges of social transformation in India. (2016)
4. Explain the inter-linkages between poverty, deprivation and inequality. (2013)
5. Do you think that poverty, deprivation and inequalities are the major challenges in the process of social transformation? Suggest remedies. (2009)

D. Communalism, Ethnicity & Conflict

1. Discuss the role of social media in communal polarisation. Suggest ways to combat it. (2021)
2. Explain the issues relating to ethnicity and sub-ethnicity. (2017)
3. What are the factors accounting for the resurgence of ethnic identity movements in India? (2016)
4. ‘Many caste conflicts are between castes which are close to each other on the hierarchical scale.’ Give a sociological explanation. (2014)
5. ‘Tribal conflicts based on ethnic differences often camouflage a struggle for political and economic advantage.’ Substantiate with examples. (2014)
6. Highlight the important dimensions of inter-caste conflict in India. (2010)
7. Analyse the role of communalism in undermining democracy in India. (2013)

E. Miscellaneous

1. Do you think that law has been able to abolish child labour in India? Comment. (10 marks) (2025)
2. “Educational development is the only Panacea for country’s all ills and evils.” Critically examine the above statement with reference to NEP-2020. (20 marks) (2025)