• The total population of Telangana as of 2011 was 3,50,03,674. This was nearly 2.89% of the population of India in 2011.
• According to the projections of the National Commission on Population, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, the population of Telangana in the years 2021 and 2031 would be 3,77,25,000 and 3,92,07,000 respectively. This is 2.77% and 2.66% of the total population of the country in 2021 and 2031 respectively.
• The state’s share in the national population is estimated to decrease by 0.23 percentage points between 2011 and 2031.

Gender-wise population

• Of the total population in Telangana in 2011, 1,73,92,041 are females and 1,76,11,633 are males.
• The share of females and males in the total population of the state is 49.69% and 50.31% respectively.
• The sex ratio (the number of females per thousand males) of the state is 988.
• The sex ratio among the districts varies from 950 to 1046 with a median value of 996. Three districts; Suryapet, Mahabubabad and Hanumakonda, have a sex ratio of 996.
• Rangareddy, with a sex ratio of 950, has the lowest sex ratio in the state.
• Nirmal, with a sex ratio of 1046, ranks highest among the districts in terms of the sex ratio.

Urban and Rural Population

• The urban and rural population of Telangana are 1,36,08,665 and 2,13,95,009 respectively.
• The share of the urban and rural population out of the total population in the state is 38.88% and 61.12% respectively.
• Hyderabad and Medchal Malkajgiri are the most urbanized districts in the state, with 100% and 91.47% of their populations, respectively, residing in urban areas.
• Mulugu has the highest share of rural population at 96.10% followed by Narayanpet at 92.63%.

Social Groups

• The total SC and ST populations of Telangana are 54, 08, 800 and 31, 77, 940 respectively. The two social groups account for 15.45% and 9.08% of the state’s total population respectively.
• Mancherial has the highest share of SC population out of the total district population at 24.72% followed by Jayashankar Bhupalpally at 22.08%.
• The districts with the least share of SCs out of the total district population are Hyderabad and Medchal- Malkajgiri at 6.28% and 9.42% respectively.
• In the entire state, the maximum number of persons from the SC community reside in Rangareddy district, and the least number in Mulugu district.

Literacy

• 2,06,96,778 persons (> 6 years of age) in the state are literate of which 89,95,049 are females and 1,17,01,729 are males.
• The total literacy rate of the state is 66.54%.
• The literacy rate among females and males respectively is 57.99% and 75.04%.
• The literacy rate among the rural population is 57.30% whereas among the urban population this is 81.09%.

Child Sex Ratio

• There are 38,99,166 children (0-6 years) in the state of which 18,81,231 are females and 20,17,935 are males.
• The child sex ratio (0-6 years) in the state is 932. The child sex ratio (CSR) among the districts varies from 903 to 971 with a median value of 934.
• Wanaparthy and Mahbubabad, with a CSR of 903, have the lowest child sex ratio in the state, whereas Mulugu, with a CSR of 971, has the highest child sex ratio in the state.

GROWTH OF POPULATION:

• The people of the state are predominantly residing in rural areas with 61.12% and the rest of 38.88% residing in urban areas.
• The overall growth of total population during the decade 2001 to 2011 is 13.58%, whereas it was 18.77% in the preceding decade.
• The growth of the population in urban areas has been witnessing a significant increase. Urban population in the State grew by 38.12% during the decade 2001 to 2011 as compared with 25.13% in the preceding decade.
• In sharp contrast, the rural population in the state grew by a modest 2.13% as per the 2011 census, which is much higher than the United Nations estimates of world population growth at 1.23%.
• Around 30% of the total urban population is residing in the capital city of Hyderabad alone.

DENSITY OF POPULATION:

• The density of population is defined, in general, as the average number of persons residing per square kilometer of area.

• The density of population in the State ranges from 170 to 18,172 per square kilometer. Adilabad district has the lowest density of 170 per sq. kilometer and Hyderabad district with highest density of 18,172 per sq. kilometer.
• The districts of Adilabad, Khammam and Mahabubnagar have lower population density with 170, 197 and 220 per sq. kilometer respectively, as compared with the State average of 312 per sq. kilometer.