National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC)

• Launched on 30th June 2008 by the Prime Minister of India.
• Aims to address climate change while ensuring sustainable development and inclusive growth.
• Focuses on adaptation, mitigation, ecological sustainability, and enhancing India’s resilience to climate impacts.
• Stresses that high economic growth is vital for improving living standards and reducing climate vulnerability.

Principles of NAPCC

• Protect the poor through inclusive and climate-sensitive strategies.
• Achieve poverty alleviation with ecological sustainability.
• Ensure efficient and cost-effective end-use energy demand management.
• Promote rapid deployment of appropriate technologies for adaptation and mitigation.
• Introduce innovative market-based, regulatory, and voluntary mechanisms.
• Foster implementation through civil society, local governments, and public-private partnerships.

Eight National Missions under NAPCC

National Solar Mission (NSM)

• • Launched: January 2010
  • Objective: Establish India as a global solar energy leader.
  • Strategy: Create enabling policy for rapid solar technology diffusion.
  • Target: Originally 20 GW by 2022, revised to 100 GW in 2015.
  • Approach: Implemented in 3 phases (up to 2022).
  • Installed Capacity: Increased from 25 MW in 2010-11 to 36.32 GW (2020).

National Mission for Enhanced Energy Efficiency (NMEEE)

• • Implemented since 2011.
  • Objective: Strengthen energy efficiency markets via regulatory and policy frameworks.
  • Key Initiatives:
    • Perform, Achieve, and Trade (PAT)
    • Market Transformation for Energy Efficiency (MTEE)
    • Energy Efficiency Financing Platform (EEFP)
    • Framework for Energy Efficient Economic Development (FEEED)

National Mission on Sustainable Habitat

• • Approved: June 2010
  • Focus: Urban planning, housing, and transport sustainability.
  • Key Deliverables:
    • Sustainable habitat standards.
    • City development plans incorporating climate adaptation/mitigation.
    • Mobility plans for energy-efficient transportation.
    • Capacity building in urban climate strategies.

National Water Mission (NWM)

• • Objective: Integrated water resource management.
  • Goal: Increase water use efficiency by 20%.
  • Key Areas:
    • Water conservation and equitable distribution.
    • Wastewater recycling.
    • Use of low-temperature desalination technologies for coastal cities.
  • Five Goals:
    • Public water data and climate impact assessment.
    • Water conservation promotion.
    • Focus on vulnerable and over-exploited areas.
    • Basin-level resource management.

National Mission for Sustaining the Himalayan Ecosystem

• • Aim: Prevent glacier melting and conserve biodiversity in the Himalayas.
  • Focus Areas:
    • Human and institutional capacity building.
    • Evidence-based policy-making.
    • Issues addressed:
      • Glaciers and hydrology.
      • Biodiversity and wildlife conservation.
      • Traditional knowledge systems.
      • Ecosystem resilience and planning.

National Mission for a Green India (GIM)

• • Type: Centrally Sponsored Scheme approved by CCEA.
  • Greening as a strategy for adaptation and mitigation.
  • Goals:
    • Increase forest/tree cover on 5 million ha.
    • Improve forest quality on another 5 million ha.
    • Enhance ecosystem services (carbon sequestration, biodiversity, hydrology).
    • Raise forest-based incomes for 3 million households.
    • CO₂ sequestration increase by 50–60 million tonnes/year by 2020.

National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA)

• • Operational since 2014-15.
  • Aim: Make agriculture climate-resilient, productive, and remunerative.
  • Components:
    • Integrated/composite farming.
    • Soil and moisture conservation.
    • Soil Health Management (SHM).
    • Efficient water use (via drip, sprinkler, etc.).
  • Linked with:
    • Per Drop More Crop (PDMC) under PMKSY.
    • Soil Health Card Scheme (launched in 2015) to guide nutrient usage.

National Mission on Strategic Knowledge for Climate Change (NMSKCC)

• • Objective: Build a dynamic knowledge system to support national climate action.
  • Deliverables:
    • 10 thematic knowledge networks in climate science, modelling, adaptation, energy, agriculture, etc.
    • 10–12 technical reports on climate-linked impacts.
    • Regional climate models for monsoons, glaciers, etc.
    • 50 professorships, 200 climate researchers trained.
    • At least 3 public-private partnerships in mitigation/adaptation technologies.
    • Technology watch groups in renewable energy, waste, housing, transport, clean coal, watershed management, etc.
    • Collaboration with countries like USA, China, Japan, EU for joint climate research.