Skill Development

•        India will be biggest supplier of workforce to the world

•        India is the skill capital of the world.

•        65 ITIs will be upgraded into Advanced Tech Centres in association with Tata Technologies Limited in Telangana

•        Young India Skill university to be established

•        Cross-skilling: Learn new skills for your current role

•        Reskilling: Learning new skills so you can move to a new role

•        Technical skills | Hard skills

•        Time management skills

•        Conflict resolution skills

•        Creative skills

•        Critical thinking skills

•        Time management skills

•        Teamwork skills

•        Problem solving skills

•        Decision making skills

•        Typing skills

•        AI skills

•        Social media skills

•        Software skills

•        Hardware skills

•        Digital Marketing

Intermediate skills:

•        Customer service

•        Sales

•        Accounting

•        Business development

•        Marketing

•        Sales management

•        Social media

•        Financial analysis

•        Engineering

•        Social media marketing

Manual skills:

•        Woodworking: Carpenter, boat maker, basket maker, coir weaver, broom maker

•        Metalworking: Armourer, blacksmith, hammer and tool kit maker, locksmith

•        Stone working: Sculptor, stone carver, stone breaker

•        Other trades: Goldsmith, potter, cobbler, doll and toy maker, barber, garland maker, washerman, tailor, fishing net maker

Note: These manual skills taught under the Pradhan Mantri Vishwakarma Yojana for artisans and craftspeople

1.     Focus on basic education and vocational training

2.     Apprenticeship system prevalent in traditional crafts and trades

Post-Independence (1947-1980s):

1.     Emphasis on industrialization and technical education

2.     Establishment of Industrial Training Institutes (ITIs) and Polytechnics

3.     Launch of schemes like Apprenticeship Training Scheme (ATS) and Craftsmen Training Scheme (CTS)

Liberalization and Economic Reforms (1990s-2000s):

1.     Recognition of skill development as a key driver of economic growth

2.     Establishment of National Skill Development Corporation (NSDC) in 2009

3.     Launch of schemes like Vocational Training Improvement Project (VTIP) and Skill Development Initiative (SDI)

Modern Era (2010s-present):

1.     National Skill Development Policy (2013) and National Policy for Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (2015)

2.     Launch of flagship schemes like Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY) and Skill India Mission

3.     Emphasis on digital skills, entrepreneurship, and industry-led training

4.     Increased focus on apprenticeships, on-the-job training, and recognition of prior learning

2.     1986: National Policy on Education recommends vocationalization of education

3.     2009: NSDC established to promote private sector involvement in skill development

4.     2013: National Skill Development Policy launched

5.     2015: National Policy for Skill Development and Entrepreneurship launched

6.     2016: Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY) launched

2.       Employment Generation.

3.       Contributes to the economic growth of the nation.

4.       Poverty Reduction:

Skill development can help reduce poverty by providing better job opportunities and higher earning potential.

5.       Increased Earnings to the skilled workers

6.       Reduces income inequalities by targeting the marginalized

7.       Enhances industry competitiveness

8.       Helps to capitalize on demographic Dividend

9.       Reducing Brain Drain:

10.    Increased Tax Revenue:

2.     Skilled workers can access better healthcare and living conditions, leading to improved overall well-being.

3.     Increased participation of women in the workforce, promoting gender equality.

4.     Skill development programs in rural areas can reduce migration to cities and promote local economic development.

5.     Skilled individuals are more likely to participate in civic activities, contributing to community development.

6.     It helps to reduce child labor by providing alternative education and skill-building opportunities.

7.     Skilled workers can access and adapt to new technologies, bridging the digital divide.

8.     Skill development promotes collaboration and teamwork across diverse groups.

2.     Different states have launched their own skill development initiatives, such as Maharashtra’s “Maharashtra State Skill Development Society” and Kerala’s “Kerala Academy for Skills Excellence”.

3.     Initiatives like the “Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushalya Yojana” focus on skill development in rural areas, addressing unique challenges like limited access to resources and infrastructure.

4.     Eastern Indian States like West Bengal, Odisha, and Assam have significant potential for skill development, with a focus on industries like textiles, manufacturing, and tourism

5.     As India has 7,516 kilo meters of coastline, skill development can be made based on the coastal wealth.

Example:

Boat making, carpentry, welding, painting etc.

6.     Border regions like Jammu and Kashmir, and the Northeastern states have unique skill development requirements, addressing issues like conflict, migration, and cultural diversity.

7.     GIS mapping can help identify skill development needs and resources at the local level, enabling targeted interventions.

2.      Emphasis on vocational education, with 50% of students expected to opt for vocational training by 2025.

3.      Introduction of skill development courses in higher education institutions.

4.      Encouragement of industry partnerships for skill development and apprenticeships.

5.      Teacher training programs to equip educators with skill development expertise.

6.      Emphasis on skill development in emerging technologies like AI, robotics, and cybersecurity.

7.      Promotion of lifelong learning, enabling individuals to acquire new skills throughout their lives.

8.      National Skills Qualification Framework (NSQF):

9.      Increased funding for skill development initiatives, including vocational education.

10.   Establishment of a robust monitoring and evaluation system to track skill development outcomes.

2.      lack of awareness about to training programs, particularly in rural areas

3.      Inadequate quality of training

4.      Limited industry involvement in skill development

5.      Inadequate support from corporate sector

6.      No value for the Skill development programmes in the society.

7.      Corruption in the enforcement of the skill development initiatives.

8.      lack of mobility

2.     To address these challenges, India needs to adopt a multi-faceted approach.

3.     Increasing investment in skill development infrastructure

4.     Expanding access to training programs, particularly in rural areas

5.     Improving the quality of training through industry involvement and technology integration

6.     Fostering greater collaboration between government, industry, and academia

7.     Encouraging entrepreneurship and innovation

•        21^st Century is not an exemption.

•        It contributes to the goal of Vikasit Bharat by 2047.