III.     Telangana Movement

1. Towards Formation of Telangana State (1991-2014)

Theme 2:     Initial organisations raised the issues of separate Telangana; Telangana Information Trust – Telangana Aikya Vedika, Bhuvanagiri Sabha – Telangana Jana Sabha, Telangana Maha Sabha – Warangal Decleration – Telangana Vidyavanthula Vedika; etc.,

• Introduced – Central Government – eliminate regional disparities & develop Andhra Pradesh.
• Failed to meet objectives; Telangana lagged – development & faced political and cultural marginalization.

Congress Leadership (1971-1984):

• Indira Gandhi centralized decision-making, limiting Telangana Congress leaders’ ability to advocate -regional issues.
• 1975 Emergency: Indira Gandhi declared Internal Emergency, leading to political centralization.
• 1977 Elections: Congress lost; Janata Party emerged; Congress regained power in 1980.

TDP Formation (1982):

·        Founded – N.T. Rama Rao (NTR) – slogan of Telugu Self-Respect.

·        Naxalbari agitation – Telangana led – liberation of SC, ST, BC classes, transforming state politics.

·        TDP increasingly controlled – Seemandhra elite, reducing local Telangana influence.

Seemandhra Influence:

·        TDP facilitated non-locals -contest – Telangana Assembly, ZPTC, MPTC elections.

·        Telangana Regional Board disbanded, & Telugu Ganga program initiated under NTR, reducing Telangana’s development funding.

·        Political discussions – Telangana were conducted by people’s organizations, not political parties.

Three Stages of Telangana Movement

1.      Initial Stage (1984-1996): Spread – Telangana sentiment by leaders – Boopathi Krishnamurthy, Thota Anand Rao, JaiShankar, Kaloji Narayan Rao.

2.      Activist Phase (1996-2001): People’s organizations intensified- movement.

3.      Political Phase (2001-2014): Formation of TRS & political advocacy.

Success of People’s Organizations:

·        1983 Assembly Elections: Widespread dissatisfaction -non-local candidates fielded by TDP.

·        In Dichpally and Himayatnagar, local leaders opposed non-locals like Upendra and supported local candidates, leading to victories such as Ale Narendra (BJP) defeating Upendra in Himayatnagar.

Key Leaders:

·        Padmanabham, Pratap Kishore, JaiShankar, Kaloji Narayan Rao played – crucial role – organizing conferences, distributing pamphlets, and leading cultural programs for Telangana cause.

·        Y.M.C.A Hall conference in Hyderabad celebrated -success; addressed-leaders – Bagareddy and Goka Ramaswamy.

·        Influential figures – Satyanarayana, Padmanabham, & Pratap Kishore – pivotal roles.

·        Satyanarayana elected – Convener of T.D.F, -became a key advocate for a separate Telangana State.

Telangana Party

• Founded by Devananda Swamy in 1984 in Warangal.
• Played an essential role in amplifying the movement for Telangana’s statehood, gaining support from leaders across various districts.

Telangana Jana Sabha

·        Founded – Satyanarayana, publisher – “State Advisor” magazine.

·        Organized key conferences, – February 27, 1985 – Andhra Saraswath Parishad Hall, chaired – freedom fighter Vandemataram Ramachandra Rao.

·        Advocated – Telangana – holding meetings – Kothagudem and Warangal.

·        National-level Advocacy: Telangana Jana Sabha representatives met – Rajiv Gandhi (PM), S.B. Chavan (Home Minister), L.K. Advani, and George Fernandez – push – statehood agenda.

·        Efforts led – revival – Telangana Praja Samithi & dissolution of Telangana Jana Sabha.

·        Founded – leadership – Prof. G. Laxman and patronage – Dasarathi Krishnamacharyulu.

·        Formed – advocate –separate Telangana, organize conferences, and promote regional development.

Key Activities:

1.      Meetings and Conferences:

·       Held – across Telangana, including educational institutions, – raise awareness about regional issues.

2.      Telangana Liberation Day:

·       Celebrated annually on September 17 at Osmania University, with regular participation by Dasarathi Krishnamacharyulu.

3.      Telangana Betrayal Day:

·       Observed on November 1 annually with protest programs.

·       Involved prominent figures like Kaloji Narayan Rao and students.

4.      Promotional Activities:

·       1988: Distributed Telangana maps region-wide.

·       Released a special calendar featuring the Telangana map.

5.      Political Map Release:

·       Released the first political map of Telangana, led by Kaloji Narayan Rao, in collaboration with Telangana Lekhya Vedika, Telangana Information Trust, and Telangana Jana Sabha.

6.      Group Discussions on Small States:

·       1988 and 1996: Hosted discussions on small states; attended by national figures like George Fernandez and representatives from regions like Nagaland.

2.      June 28, 1987: Reached Nagpur to spread awareness, continued to Delhi by train; met Prime Minister and Union Home Minister.

3.      T.P.S Revival (1987): Original Telangana Praja Samithi (T.P.S.) – revived, replacing the Jana Sabha.

4.      Bhupathi Krishnamurthy (Warangal) elected – T.P.S president.

5.      Leaders M. Kishan Rao and Amos continued – advocating Telangana through Telangana Porata Samithi.

6.      All India Small States Conference (Delhi): Telangana leaders submitted reports – Telangana, Jharkhand, and Vidarbha states.

7.      Discussions on Telangana – AP State Assembly – no significant outcomes.

Telangana Information Trust Initiatives

1.      1987 Conference (Basant Talkies, Kachiguda): Prominent figures – Kaloji, JayaShankar, Telangana Prabakar, Justice Konda Madhava Reddy, etc., addressed Telangana’s issues.

2.      Telangana Information Trust: Founded – Telangana Prabakar to highlight regional injustices.

3.      Publications: Books, essays, and access – government documents – SRC Reports, Gentlemen’s Agreement, and GO No. 36.

4.      Maa Telangana Magazine: Released –Kaloji Narayan Rao, published – seven issues, spreading awareness – discriminatory practices post the Telangana Regional Board abolition.

2.      Student Leaders: Led by Manohar Reddy, Krishna Mohan, and Jagan Reddy; demanded local students get fair allocation of open competition seats.

3.      November 1, 1992: T.L.S.O organized – protests against AP Formation Day and held a Telangana Saddassu; supported by national leaders Surendar Mohan and George Fernandez.

4.      Seemandhra Lecturers’ Deputation: 71 lecturers were deputed to Telangana, sparking protests.

5.      Manohar Reddy’s Hunger Strike: Led to the Vijay Bhaskar Reddy government withdrawing the deputation order after three days of protest.

6.      Broader Impact: T.L.S.O evolved from student issues to addressing broader injustices in Telangana, becoming a key voice for Telangana rights.

2.      Advocacy: Promoted both – creation of a separate Telangana state & division of larger states -Andhra Pradesh for better governance.

3.      Political Training Sessions (Sept 24-28, 1993): Organized sessions – promote small states – better resource management & government services.

4.      Supporters: Gained support – figures –Justice T.L.N. Reddy and others – Andhra region, highlighting underdevelopment in Telangana.

Political Activities (1984-1996)

1. Active Organizations: Telangana Democratic Front, Telangana Party, Telangana Jana Sabha, Telangana Information Trust, T.P.S, T.L.S.O, and Telangana Mukthi Morcha led protests, dharnas, rallies, and hunger strikes.
2. Rajiv Gandhi’s Acknowledgement (Feb 27, 1985): At – public meeting- Siddipet, Rajiv Gandhi acknowledged – Telangana’s neglect & promised central government intervention – didn’t materialize.

Formation of Telangana Forum

1. Founded (1990): – Jana Reddy, Vellichala Jagapathi Rao, and others – address injustices in Telangana.
2. Representation to PM (Sept 1992): Advocated – Telangana’s issues – P.V. Narasimha Rao and Chief Minister.
3. Assembly Discussions (Sept 1992): Led – a three-day debate – Telangana’s issues – the AP Assembly, – limited follow-up action – N. Janardhan Reddy.
4. Weakened Influence: The forum’s influence diminished – after Jana Reddy joined – Congress government – minister.

Growing Telangana Sentiment (1996)

• Deva Gowda’s Speech (Aug 15, 1996): Raised hopes – Telangana’s statehood alongside promises –  Jharkhand, Uttaranchal, Chhattisgarh, and Vidarbha during his Red Fort speech.
• This invigorated Telangana supporters and organizations.

·        Camp in Hyderabad (July 12th-13th, 1997): Organized by Sri Rapolu Ananda Bhasker in Padma Rao Nagar to discuss Telangana’s backwardness in economic, social, cultural, and political areas.

Cultural Conservation

·        Bathukamma Festival: Declared as “Telangana Samskruthi Parirakshana Denalu” (Telangana Cultural Conservation Days).

·        Awareness Programs: Focused on spreading the ideology of Telangana through cultural programs.

Conferences and Discussions

·        Irrigation and Water Issues: Conferences held with intellectuals and scientists to address problems related to irrigation and drinking water supply.

·        Education and Employment: Discussions on educational and employment challenges faced by the people of Telangana.

Jai Telangana Party (1997)

·        Patlolla Indra Reddy: Founder of Jai Telangana Party, Chevella constituency MLA.

·        NTR TDP: Joined after NTR’s death, aligned with Lakshmi Parvathi.

·        Telangana Movement Representatives Conference: Held on 13th & 14th September 1997 at Champapet, Hyderabad.

·        Jai Telangana Party: Founded in 1997, party office located in Kachiguda, Hyderabad.

·        APCC President Y.S. Rajashekar Reddy: Promised justice for Telangana if Congress came to power.

·        Merger with Congress: Jai Telangana Party merged with Congress on 8th July 1998.

Formation and Background

·        Dalit Bahujan Mahasabha: Established by Maroju Veeranna to unite Scheduled Castes and Tribes for the Telangana movement.

·        Campaign for Telangana: Advocated for Telangana through self-esteem struggles of Dalits and Bahujans (Dalit–Bahujan Aathma Gouravam Poratalu).

Establishment of Telangana Mahasabha

·        Founded in August 1997: Maroju Veeranna established Telangana Mahasabha with the aim of “Bahujan Rajyam in Geographical Telangana.”

·        First Meeting: Held on August 11, 1997, in Suryapet, called “Dhoka Dinna Telangana Sabha.”

·        Key Figures: Cheruku Sudhakar (President), V. Prakash (Secretary).

Suryapet Sabha Highlights

·        Venue: Suprabhat Hotel Complex, Kachiguda served as the working center for Telangana Mahasabha.

·        Resolution for Telangana: V. Prakash introduced a resolution for a separate Telangana state, receiving widespread support.

·        Telangana Mahasabha Magazine: Published by V. Prakash to spread the ideology and highlight injustices faced by Telangana.

·        Procession and Open Meeting: After the Suryapet Sabha, a procession was held, followed by a meeting with 15,000 attendees.

·        Suryapet Declaration: Proposed by Cheruku Sudhakar with 16 demands, focusing on a separate Telangana state.

Key Points in Suryapet Declaration

1.      Separate Telangana: Telangana, including Hyderabad, should be considered a separate state.

2.      Government Funds: A white paper on the allocation of funds to Telangana, Andhra, and Rayalaseema regions since 1956.

3.      Stop Projects: Halt the Polavaram and Pulichintala projects that threaten Telangana.

4.      Tribal Governance: Agency areas should be declared tribal self-governing areas as per the 5th and 6th schedules of the Constitution.

5.      Land Redistribution: Implement land redistribution to the poor.

6.      Local Employment: Appoint local people in industries and other jobs.

7.      Telangana Language: Telangana language should be introduced in education, administration, judiciary, and media. A Telangana Language Development Board should be established.

8.      Tribal Arts and Culture: Establish a board for the research and development of Tribal arts and culture.

·        Formation: Established on 14th October 1997, by 28 organizations working for Telangana.

·        Press Release: Announced on 16th October 1997, regarding the formation.

·        Aim: Primary objective was to achieve a separate Telangana state.

·        Office: “Jala Drushyam”, residence of Konda Laxman Bapuji served as the office.

·        Committees:

·       Organizing Committee

·       Steering Committee

United Front Service Programs

Service Initiatives:

·        Farmer Suicides: Collected donations and distributed money to families of farmers who committed suicide.

·        Drought Relief: Adopted Raipur village (Gattu Mandal, Mahbubnagar district) during drought and distributed essentials like rice, jowar, wheat with help from C.E.C. Gopal’s organization.

Health Initiatives:

·        Cholera Outbreak: Investigated an outbreak in Adilabad in July 1998; challenged government claims of diarrhea, proving it was Cholera.

·        Government Action: Submitted findings to the government, leading to preventive measures; featured in Wall Street Journal (USA) due to B. Janardhan Rao’s efforts.

Awareness Programs:

·        Conferences: Organized multiple conferences to spread awareness on Telangana issues and the demand for a separate state.

Leadership Search:

·        Leadership Void: Attempted to give Telangana movement leadership to P. Janardhan Reddy, who refused.

·        KCR as a Leader: Identified K. Chandrashekar Rao (KCR) as a potential leader following his protest against increased electricity charges.

·        Founding of TRS: KCR accepted the leadership request and founded the Telangana Rashtra Samithi (TRS) on 27th April 2001.

Decline of United Front:

• Merger with TRS: Telangana United Front leaders joined TRS, leading to the decline of the United Front’s significance.

Event Overview:

·        Organizer: All India People’s Resistance Forum (AIPRF)

·        Event Name: Prajasvamika Telangana Akanksha

·        Date: 28th, 29th December 1997

·        President of the Meeting: Prof. Sai Baba

·        Support: Central committee of C.P.I (M.L) People’s War supported Telangana movement

·        Police Restrictions: Imposed on attendees due to perceived affiliation with People’s War Party

Warangal Declaration:

·        Approval: Proposed by Prof. Sai Baba with 50 demands

Important Points of Warangal Declaration:

1.      Separate Telangana: Formation of a Democratic Telangana state

2.      Land Reforms: Comprehensive land reform methods and implementation of Tenancy (Kauldhar) Act

3.      Agency Areas: Enforcement of the 1 of 70 Act; return agency land to tribals

4.      Ichchampally Project: Support Ichchampally project, oppose Pulichintala project

5.      Polavaram Project: Stop Polavaram, promote small-scale projects

6.      Resource Distribution: Rational redistribution of resources among Telangana districts

7.      Migration Control: Address increasing migration from Mahbubnagar district

8.      Adivasi Self-Governance: Authority for self-governance as per the Constitution

9.      Tribal Culture: Preservation of tribal culture and language

10.   Alcohol Ban: Implement public-supported alcohol prohibition

Formation and Revival:

·        Organizer: Akila Bharatha Praja Prathigatana Vedika

·        Event Name: Praja Swamika Prathayeka Telangana

·        Revival Date: 5th, 6th July 1998

·        Location: Rana Pratap Hall, Amberpet, Hyderabad

·        Convenor: Akula Bhumaiah

·        President of Invitation Committee: M.T. Khan

Conference Highlights:

·        Leaders from Other States:

1.      Yasin Malik (All Party Hurriyat Conference)

2.      Khagen Talukdar (Manav Adhikar Sangram – Assam)

·        Inauguration of Jana Telangana Magazine: People’s poet Kaloji Narayan Rao

·        Slogan by Kaloji: “Quit Telangana” for Coastal Andhra leaders, urging “Do or Die” policy for Telangana people

Public Meeting:

·        Date: Second day of the conference (6th July 1998)

·        Resolution: Telangana Jana Sabha to remain non-political and focus on the fight for separate Telangana

Post-Conference Activities:

·        Ibrahimpatnam Meeting: 4th October 1998, President: Devaki Devi, Speech by Prof. Hara Gopal

·        Campaigns and Agitations:

o   33-day Agitation: Held in Kesapatnam (Karimnagar) for the renovation of Kalvala Project and Kakatiya Canal, led by Farmer’s Jana Sabha

Modes of Telangana Movement:

1. Campaign
2. Building the Movement
3. Agitation (Struggle at extensive level)

Formation:

·        Year Established: 1998

·        Affiliated to: Telangana Jana Sabha

·        Objective: To create awareness about Telangana’s greatness and culture

Leadership:

·        Convenor: Jahangir (Artist from Medak district)

·        Co-Convenor & Nalgonda District Convenor: Belli Lalitha

Key Events:

·        Contribution of Belli Lalitha:

o   Encouraged Telangana people by singing songs

o   Played a significant role in spreading Telangana culture

Tragic Event:

·        Belli Lalitha’s Assassination:

o   Date: 26th May 1999

o   Location: Bhuvanagiri

o   Details: Brutally killed by assailants

Telangana Students Front (TSF) 1998 –

Formation:

·        Year Established: October 1998

·        Founder: Khasim (Student from Osmania University)

·        Ideology: People’s War Party

Affiliations:

·        Affiliated to: Telangana Jana Sabha

Key Activities:

·        Fight Against Atrocities:

o   Joint fight with Telangana Jana Sabha against Sunnam Konda Reddy in Palamuru

o   Compensation Distribution: Rs. 4 lakh distributed to affected families

Awareness Campaign:

·        Praja Chaitanya Yatra (2000):

o   Travelled to Telangana villages

o   Aim: Bring awareness regarding injustice done to Telangana

Formation:

• Established by: CPI (ML) Jana Shakti

Key Meeting:

• Location: Kala Bharathi Building, Karimnagar
• President: Challa Shankar
• Demand: Rs. 10,000 crores development package for Telangana

Telangana Udhyama Vedikalu –

Movement Platforms:

·        Different Names by District:

o   Telangana Porata Vedika: Nalgonda

o   Telangana Udhyama Vedika: Mahbubnagar

o   Telangana Praja Vedika: Ranga Reddy

o   Telangana Chaitanya Vedika: Medak

Chaitanya Vedika Conference (1998)

Event:

·        Dates: 14th-15th February 1998

·        Location: Siddipet town

Discussions:

·        Focused on the conditions of Telangana and future agenda for the movement

Key Highlight:

·        Praja Kala Mandali: Released a book with Telangana songs for the first time during the conference

III.     Telangana Movement

2. Towards Formation of Telangana State (1991-2014)

Theme 2:     Later Phase of Telangana Movement – TRS in UPA, Pranab Mukherjee Committee- 2009-Elections-Alliances

Theme 3:     The agitation against Hyderabad as Free-zone – and Demand for separate Statehood

Theme 4:     Fast-Unto-Death by K.Chandra Shekar Rao-Formation of Political Joint Action Committee (2009)

·        Aimed solely at achieving Telangana statehood.

·        Intellectual support from Prof. Jayashankar.

KCR’s Political Background

·        KCR, a former Youth Congress leader, joined TDP– 1983.

·        Served as MLA for Siddipet (1985, 1989, 1994, 1999).

·        Held roles as Transport Minister (1996-1999) and Deputy Speaker in Chandrababu Naidu’s government.

Opposition to Chandrababu’s 2020 Document

·        KCR opposed Chandrababu Naidu’s policies for ignoring SC/STs, backward classes, minorities, and Telangana’s development.

·        This led to KCR’s support for the Telangana cause.

Establishment of TRS (April 27, 2001)

·        KCR resigned from TDP and formed TRS with the goal of Telangana statehood.

·        TRS flag: Pink color with a map of Telangana’s 10 districts.

Simhagarjana Rally (May 17, 2001)

·        Held in Karimnagar, attended by Shibu Soren.

·        KCR addressed issues like weaver suicides, recruitment, and Telangana’s neglect.

·        Demonstrated the discrimination Telangana faced compared to Seemandhra.

·        TRS gained political presence –Telangana villages.

Siddipet By-Election Victory (Sep 22, 2001)

·        KCR won – by-election – Siddipet – 58,712-vote margin.

·        Reinforced support -Telangana statehood.

Major Public Meetings

·        Praja Garjana Rally (Khammam, Nov 17, 2001) – Highlighted Telangana’s cause.

·        Shankharaava Rally (Vikarabad, Mar 27, 2002) – Increased public mobilization for Telangana.

First Annual Meeting (April 27, 2002)

·        Held in Nalgonda, attended by Shibu Soren, Ajit Singh, and Prof. Jayashankar.

·        Over 1 million people attended, boosting the Telangana movement.

·        Aug 25, 2003: KCR began another Padayatra – Kodad to Haliya to highlight farmers’ struggles along the Nagarjuna Sagar Left Canal, addressing injustice in the canal’s construction, advocating Telangana’s statehood as the solution.

·        Aug-Sep 2003: TRS organized public meetings like ‘Kolahalan’ (Mahabubnagar), and ‘Nagara’ (Nagar Kurnool), strengthening the party’s base in the district.

·        Sep 9, 2003: KCR led a national-level meeting at Alankar Hotel, Delhi, with leaders from other states, elected as the national convener for the separate states cause.

·        Sep 17, 2003: A large student meeting was held at Osmania University, where KCR addressed Telangana’s youth.

2004 Elections – Alliances

·        TRS-Congress Alliance: Congress, seeing TRS gaining strength, initiated talks. Meetings between Gulam Nabi Azad, Pranab Mukherji, and KCR culminated in an alliance on Feb 25, 2004, with TRS contesting 42 Assembly seats and 6 Lok Sabha seats.

·        Congress Manifesto: Congress promised – address the Telangana issue, though TRS initially demanded – First SRC recommendations.

·        Congress agreed – form a Second SRC on Telangana’s statehood.

·        Sonia Gandhi’s Declaration: In Mar 2004, Sonia Gandhi –Karimnagar pledged Congress – respect Telangana sentiments.

·        TDP-BJP Alliance: Despite BJP’s Kakinada resolution (1998), TDP-BJP downplayed – Telangana’s statehood. Venkaiah Naidu criticized TRS’s sincerity.

·        In the Lok Sabha, TRS – 5 out of 6 seats.

·        KCR’s Victory: KCR won Karimnagar parliamentary seat & Siddipet Assembly seat. Other winners include Ale Narendra (Medak), T. Madhusudhan Reddy (Adilabad), D. Ravindra Naik (Warangal), and B. Vinod Kumar (Hanamkonda).

TRS in UPA (2004)

·        TRS Support to UPA: KCR joined Manmohan Singh’s UPA government, demanding Telangana’s inclusion in the Common Minimum Programme (CMP).

·        TRS leaders KCR (Shipping Ministry) and Ale Narendra (Rural Development) included.

·        KCR’s Sacrifice: KCR relinquished –Shipping Ministry after 24 hours, continued – minister without portfolio, later assigned – Labour and Employment Ministry.

·        Rajya Sabha Seat: TRS – offered a Rajya Sabha seat, – KCR relinquished – avoid disputes.

UPA – Common Minimum Programme (2004)

·        UPA CMP Inclusion: Telangana statehood – included – CMP -regional development, – promise – due consultations and consensus.

·        UPA-1 and UPA-2 pursued -Telangana issue as part of this programme.

President’s Address (2004)

President A.P.J. Abdul Kalam:

·        In a joint session of Parliament, -President acknowledged Telangana’s statehood issue, – would be considered “at an appropriate time” – consultations and consensus.

·        Political analysts questioned why Telangana required such a process, unlike other states

·        TRS ministers: G. Vijaya Rama Rao (Civil Supplies), A. Chandra Shekar (Small Irrigation), T. Harish Rao (Youth Services, Printing and Stationery), Capt. Lakshmi Kanta Rao (Backward Classes Welfare), Nayani Narasimha Reddy (Technical Education), and N. Santosh Reddy (Transport).

·        This coalition marks the first-time Congress and TRS form – state coalition government.

Pranab Mukherjee Committee (2005)

·        Jan 8, 2005: Congress forms a cabinet sub-committee under Pranab Mukherjee to gather opinions from UPA allies on Telangana statehood.

·        TRS lobbies with all parties; 11 UPA parties (including RJD, NCP, PMK) and 6 external parties (BSP, Janta Dal, etc.) express support for Telangana.

·        CPI proposes regional boards or committees for Telangana development but opposes separate statehood.

·        Despite majority support, the Pranab Mukherjee report was never submitted, delaying the process.

KCR Resignation (2005)

·        July 4, 2005: All TRS ministers, except N. Santosh Reddy, resign due to YSR’s unilateral decisions (Pulichinthala, Polavaram, Singoor projects), which were harmful to Telangana.

·        July 17, 2005: A public meeting in Warangal with Sharad Pawar shows continued support for Telangana.

·        TRS launches “Telangana Jana Jagarana Sena”, training 1 lakh party workers for ideological mobilization.

·        Feb 12, 2006: TRS organizes Polavaram Garjana to support tribals against the Polavaram project.

TRS MLAs Defection (2008)

·        2006-2008: Nine TRS MLAs support Kasani Gyaneshwar in council elections, defying TRS. KCR appeals to disqualify them.

·        Dec 22, 2008: The speaker disqualifies these nine TRS MLAs for defying the party’s whip.

·        Aug 24, 2006: KCR staged a hunger strike –Jantar Mantar – explain reasons – resignation. Somnath Chatterji (Lok Sabha Speaker) and Sharad Pawar intervened, convincing KCR to withdraw.

·        Sep 8, 2006: TRS held a massive meeting, “Telangana Samara Sankharavam”, – Siddipet to reveal Congress’ stalling tactics.

·        Sep 12, 2006: KCR resigned from Karimnagar MP seat, challenging Congress for re-election.

·        Dec 4, 2006: KCR re-elected – majority of 2,01,582 votes – solidifying his stance on Telangana.

2007 Padayatra and Struggles

·        April 6-12, 2007: KCR –Padayatra – fluoride-affected Nalgonda villages & highlighted -Telangana’s water resources -denied by Andhra rulers.

·        July 15, 2007: KCR – hunger strike – Sachar Committee recommendations – implemented – minority welfare.

·        TRS played a pivotal role -fighting –Singareni jobs & against – open-cast mines through various struggles.

TRS Resignations and Assembly Walkouts

·        April 26, 2007: Ale Narendra – expelled from TRS over differences – the Kathari case.

·        Feb 11-13, 2008: TRS members walked out -the Assembly after – Governor’s address- excluded Telangana. They –suspended after forcing – Telangana resolution.

·        Feb 28, 2008: L.K. Advani announced – BJP’s support -Telangana.

2008 Resignations and Elections

·        Mar 3-4, 2008: TRS MPs (KCR, B. Vinod Kumar, T. Madhusudhan Reddy, D. Ravindra Naik) & 16 MLAs resigned, – 10 TRS rebels did not.

·        May 29, 2008: TRS faced – major electoral defeat, losing – 9 out of 16 Assembly seats & 2 out of 4 Parliament seats. Congress won – 6 Assembly seats and 1 Parliament seat. KCR remained one – few victorious candidates.

·        Members: 7 members: Konathala Rama Krishna, J. Geetha Reddy, Uttam Kumar Reddy, Sridhar Babu, Padma Raju, Shaik Hussain, and Akbaruddin Owaisi.

·        Exclusions: TRS, CPI, CPM, BJP refused – participate – the committee.

Key Terms of Reference:

·        Examine Telangana sentiment and employment concerns.

·        Address Hyderabad’s metropolitan status and migration fears.

·        Analyze – potential Maoist terrorist activities post-Telangana formation.

·        Assess – minority fears and separate state demands in other regions (Rayalaseema, Jai Andhra, Kalinga Andhra).

·        Evaluate impacts – mining, coal, and real estate industries.

·        Formulate plans – river water distribution & regional relations post-Telangana.

·        Develop future action plans – both Telangana and Andhra Pradesh.

·        The Rosaiah Committee never submitted – report – political challenges.

2009 Elections and Alliances

·        TRS aimed for electoral recovery after losses in the May by-elections.

·        YSR and Chandrababu Naidu strategized against TRS, with Naidu discreetly supporting Jai Telangana.

·        Praja Rajyam Party (led by Chiranjeevi) favored a social Telangana approach.

·        Nava Telangana Party was formed by Devender Goud after leaving TDP. Vijaya Shanthi merged her Talli Telangana Party with TRS.

Political alliances:

·        Telugu Jathi Vaibhavam: An alliance between TRS and TDP with Chandrababu Naidu supporting Telangana statehood.

·        Maha Kootami (Grand Alliance): TDP, TRS, CPI, CPM united – fight elections. Prof. Jayashankar played -critical role – formation.

·        TDP’s support for Telangana – described – “historical necessity”, with the party changing – earlier stance – rising Telangana sentiment.

·        YSR (Congress): In Telangana, assured people that Congress would deliver Telangana. In Nandyal, warned that Telangana’s separation would require passports to enter Hyderabad.

·        BJP: Campaigned for small states, used the slogan “One vote, Two states”.

·        CPI: Supported Telangana – opposed – creation of small states.

·        Praja Rajyam (Chiranjeevi): Focused – creating “social Telangana”.

·        TDP: For the first time, supported Telangana – manifesto but undermined the alliance – TRS – giving nominations – TDP candidates – TRS-designated areas.

·        TRS: Sole agenda focused on Telangana.

Election Results (2009)

·        TRS: Won 2 MP seats (KCR from Mahabubnagar, Vijayashanthi from Medak); won 10 out of 45 Assembly seats.

·        Congress: Won the elections.

·        YSR’s campaign, especially -Seemandhra, focused – stirring fear regarding Telangana’s separation.

2009 General Elections

·        Phase 1: Telangana as the primary agenda, with all parties supporting statehood.

·        TDP: Promised to introduce the Telangana bill if elected.

·        CPI: Supported Telangana.

·        Praja Rajyam (Chiranjeevi): Promoted both geographical and social Telangana.

·        BJP: Promised to deliver Telangana within 100 days if elected.

·        TRS: Focused solely on the formation of Telangana.

·        CPM and MIM: Opposed Telangana statehood.

Alliances and Contest

·        Grand Alliance (Mahakutami): Formed by TDP, TRS, CPI, and CPM to defeat Congress and YSR.

·        Congress & MIM: Formed an alliance.

• Praja Rajyam & BJP: Contested separately.

·        People’s confusion:Uncertainty – party truly supported Telangana led to voter confusion.

People’s Organizations and Reactions:

People’s organizations remained mostly silent due to:

1.      Discontent – election process & TDP’s past injustices.

2.      Disillusionment – TRS’s opaque politics.

3.      Perception – all parties -supported Telangana.

YSR’s Campaign Strategy

·        Nandyal Speech: YSR – claimed Telangana’s separation – lead to passports – Seemandhra people entering – Hyderabad, & Seemandhra would – desert without Krishna and Godavari rivers.

·        Outcome: YSR’s heated campaign influenced voters -both Telangana & Andhra, helping Congress – retain power – united Andhra Pradesh.

·        TRS Results: Contested 9 Lok Sabha and 50 Assembly seats; won 2 Lok Sabha seats & 10 Assembly seats.

·        TDP’s Internal Differences: While TDP supported – separate Telangana, – internal divisions with CPM (which supported a united state) – distrust among voters.

·        TDP-TRS Cooperation: TRS – constituencies where TDP- voter strength, but TDP workers didn’t cooperate, preventing vote transfers to TRS.

·        Candidate Selection: TRS gave tickets to non-Telangana agitation leaders and opportunists, creating internal dissatisfaction.

·        TRS-NDA Alliance: TRS joined the NDA before results, causing backlash within the party.

·        Post-Election Discontent: Defeated candidates and sidelined TRS members revolted.

o   Kapilavai Dilip Kumar founded Telangana Vimochana Party – Aug 23, 2009, deepening the crisis.

Congress Suppression of Telangana Agitation

• Congress Inaction: After winning, Congress did not prioritize Telangana statehood and instead suppressed the movement.
• Opposition Inaction: Opposition parties, including TDP and Praja Rajyam, also did not exert pressure for Telangana.
• Ridicule of TRS: Seemandhra parties, including the Chief Minister, ridiculed TRS and Telangana movement in the Assembly (June 10, 2009).

o   Etela Rajendar faced humiliation – representing TRS.

Operations by Congress and TDP

• Operation Akarsh (Congress): Congress attracted opposition representatives into its fold to weaken the Telangana cause.
• Operation Swagruha (TDP): TDP followed a similar strategy, pulling leaders from other parties into TDP.
• No Action on Telangana: Despite strengthening – parties, neither Congress nor TDP – concrete steps -Telangana state formation -solving regional issues.

·        YSR’s Political Influence: Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy (YSR) grew significantly in stature in Andhra Pradesh and national politics, especially after the elections.

·        Rachabanda Programme: YSR initiated – “Rachabanda Programme” – address people’s problems by meeting them face-to-face.

·        YSR’s Death: On Sep 2, 2009, YSR’s helicopter crashed – en route – Chittoor district – Rachabanda Programme.

·        His sudden death -shifted – political landscape – Andhra Pradesh.

·        Succession Struggle: A large majority – Congress legislators (257) signed – representation – appoint YSR’s son, Jagan Mohan Reddy, – new Chief Minister, even before YSR’s funeral.

·        Congress High Command’s Response: Despite – support for Jagan, – Congress high command appointed – K. Rosaiah – interim Chief Minister, – swearing-in – taking place – YSR’s funeral.

·        Internal Party Conflict: Rosaiah faced – opposition within – Congress, -many ministers & legislators protesting – leadership. These chaotic conditions led- administrative paralysis – state.

·        Telangana Movement Gaining Momentum: The instability – state following – YSR’s death and Rosaiah’s appointment provided – Telangana movement – renewed momentum.

·        Advocate from Gujarat: Lacked – comprehensive understanding, argued based – state-prepared counter.

·        Para 14, Presidential Orders: Offices -Secretariat, department heads, State-level offices exempted.

·        High Court Judgment: Appointments – 1348 Fifth Hyderabad Police Act not proved; Police Officers part – Sixth Zone.

·        Article 37 1(D)X(10): High Court upheld – Presidential Orders – appointments and promotions.

·        Supreme Court Overrules: Struck down High Court decision; – upheld exemption – 1348F Hyderabad City Police Act.

·        Seemandhra Leaders’ Push: Free Zone – Hyderabad; Seemandhra locals gained jobs (90%).

·        Telangana Movement Revival: Led -Telangana Employees Associations; agitation – Free Zone status.

Siddipet Udyoga Garjana (Employees’ Roar)

·        JAC Formation: Joint Action Committee (JAC) formed by Employees Unions, supported by TRS.

·        Event (2nd Oct 2009): Siddipet Employees Roar against Free Zone status, participation of intellectuals and poets.

·        KCR’s Call: “Telangana Wale Jago, Andhra Wale Bhago”; announced hunger strike at Siddipet.

·        Government Response: Initial neglect, no political support, except by TRS and employees unions.

·        Mass Support: TRS gained momentum -widespread campaigns, seminars, cultural events.

·       KCR’s Speech (22nd Nov 2009): Urged students’ involvement, “fight to finish”; historic necessity.

·       Osmania University Students: Revived activism; massive candlelight rally on 28th Nov 2009.

Preparations for Hunger Strike and Protest Programmes

·       TRS Demand (Post-Siddipet Meeting): Central and State governments to amend constitution after Supreme Court declared Hyderabad Free Zone.

·       Jail Bharo (28th Nov 2009): Massive participation by students and people’s organizations; employees wore black badges; no government response.

·       KCR’s Indefinite Hunger Strike Prep: Focus – Separate State demand; TRS skipped Municipal Elections.

TRS Awareness Campaigns

·       23rd Nov 2009: Multi-religious prayer programmes.

·       24th Nov 2009: Drumbeat announcements in villages.

·       25th Nov 2009: Candlelight protests, flame torch rallies at Martyrs Stupa.

·       26th Nov 2009: Student class boycotts, rallies, human chains.

·       28th Nov 2009: Bullock cart, cycle, and motor rallies.

·       KCR Delegations: Met national leaders, UPA Chairperson, Prime Minister Manmohan Singh, and the President.

·       Final Preparations: Hunger strike site – Telangana Martyrs Stupa, Rangadhampali; TRS district-level meetings.

Police Blockade in Telangana (Nov 2009)

·       Civil Society Unity: Telangana united -statehood; government aimed – prevent KCR’s hunger strike.

·       Siddipet Blockade: Police control, barricades, curfew-like conditions, police parades.

·       Mass Support: Despite restrictions, people gathered – strike; cultural activities – cold weather.

·       KCR’s Move to Karimnagar: Shifted – North Telangana Bhavan; discussed strategies – TRS leaders.

·       Police Plans: Section 144 imposed; planned – arrest KCR on 28th Nov.

·       Failed Arrest: Police couldn’t arrest KCR; high tension and standoff persisted.

·        Arrest at Alganuru Centre: Police – Greyhounds, RAF surrounded KCR’s vehicle; KCR – started dharna; arrested amidst protests.

·        News Spread: KCR’s arrest spread rapidly, uniting 4 crore Telangana people across political, social, and religious lines.

·        Student Protests: Osmania University students rallied, burnt effigies; lathi charge – without warning; severe police brutality, many students injured & arrested.

·        Universities Protest: Kakatiya University, Telangana University, Palamuru University, Satavahana University joined agitation; students across Telangana protested.

·        Self-immolation of Shrikanth Chary: LB Nagar crossroads, raised slogans “Jai Telangana” before self-immolation.

·        KCR Moved to Khammam: Government underestimated opposition – Khammam; intense protests led – CPIML (New Democracy), – shifted support -Telangana.

·        KCR and Leaders Charged: Second Class Magistrate C. Rama Murthi registered cases against KCR and other leaders under non-bailable offenses.

·        Protests Escalate: Government employees, Singareni workers, advocates boycotted courts; candlelight and flame torch protests throughout Telangana.

·        Hunger Strike Camps: Solidarity with KCR’s strike; thousands arrested, lathi charges reported; agitation reached its peak.

·        Student JAC Formed: Osmania University students formed – Students Joint Action Committee (JAC); agitation, announced – no support – political parties, and vowed – continue until Telangana was formed.

·        Widespread Agitation: Hunger strikes spread – Kakatiya, Satavahana, Telangana, Palamuru, Mahatma Gandhi Universities; student protests intensified.

Shifting of KCR to NIMS Hospital

·        Health Crisis: KCR’s condition critical; pressure from Congress leaders – decision to shift him to NIMS Hospital on 3rd Dec 2009 after failed attempts to end hunger strike.

·        Congress Response: Senior Congress leaders in Telangana requested UPA leadership – intervene – state affairs; growing pressure from students and protesters.

III.     Telangana Movement

3. Towards Formation of Telangana State (1991-2014)

Theme 2:     Dalit Bahujan Organizations, Grassroots movement organizations & other JAC’s

Theme 3:     Other Joint Action Committees and popular protests- Suicides for the cause of Telangana.

·        1969 Telangana Movement: Demand – separate Telangana; Congress – Indira Gandhi absorbed Telangana Praja Samithi, diluting statehood cause.

·        1972 Jai Andhra Movement: Led – Six-Point Formula (1973) – address regional disparities.

·        1992: Formation – Telangana Forum led – Jana Reddy; advocated – regional rights; Jana Reddy later distanced – becoming a minister.

·        2000: Creation – Telangana Congress Legislative Forum – 41 Congress MLAs – Chinna Reddy; petitioned –Sonia Gandhi; led – subcommittee – Dr. Manmohan Singh -examine statehood demand.

·        Sonia Gandhi’s Initiative: Wrote – NDA government advocating – Second States Reorganisation Commission.

·        Mar 2004: Sonia Gandhi promised separate Telangana – Karimnagar public meeting.

·        2004 Elections:

o   Congress-TRS Alliance; Telangana issue in manifesto.

o   Congress formed government at Centre and State; Y.S. Rajasekhara Reddy (YSR) became Chief Minister.

o   UPA’s Common Minimum Programme included Telangana.

o   June 7, 2004: President’s speech in Parliament highlighted commitment to Telangana.

o   Subcommittee headed by Pranab Mukherjee estd for broader acceptance.

·        Telangana Congress Forum: Formed to advocate within Legislative Assembly.

·        2009 Elections:

o   Congress again promised Telangana formation.

o   April 16, 2009: YSR opposed Telangana in Nandyal speech; suggested passports needed for Hyderabad.

o   Congress won; YSR became CM for second term.

·        Sep 2, 2009: YSR died in helicopter crash; Rosaiah became Chief Minister.

·        Oct 9, 2009: Supreme Court declared Hyderabad a free zone for police recruitment; sparked protests from Telangana unions.

·        Nov 29, 2009: K. Chandrashekar Rao (KCR) began fast unto death; escalated agitations.

·        Dec 7, 2009: CM Rosaiah called all-party meeting on Telangana.

·        Dec 9, 2009: Home Minister P. Chidambaram announced initiation of Telangana formation; resolution to be moved in Assembly.

·        Seemandhra Protests: Chidambaram’s announcement led to backlash in Andhra region.

·        Dec 23, 2009: Chidambaram stated formation postponed until Assembly resolution; renewed agitations in Telangana.

·        Dec 24, 2009: Formation of Telangana Political Joint Action Committee (TJAC); included Congress.

·        Jan 5, 2010: Central Government’s all-party meeting in Delhi; Congress delegates:

o   Uttam Kumar Reddy (Telangana region).

o   Kavuri Sambasiva Rao (Andhra region).

·        Feb 3, 2010: UPA estd Sri Krishna Committee to explore solutions.

·        Feb 19, 2010: Congress withdrew from TJAC.

·        Nov 24, 2010: Nallari Kiran Kumar Reddy appointed Chief Minister, succeeding Rosaiah.

·        Dec 30, 2010: Sri Krishna Committee submitted report; public release on Jan 6, 2011; prioritized United Andhra Pradesh; led to protests.

·        Mar 3, 2011: Jupalli Krishna Rao, Congress Minister from Telangana, resigned over delays.

·        June 2011: Botsa Satyanarayana (Andhra) appointed PCC President, replacing D. Srinivas (Telangana).

·        Power Concentration: CM Kiran Kumar Reddy, Speaker Nadendla Manohar, PCC President Botsa Satyanarayana—all from Andhra.

·        Delays Due to Political Concerns: Sonia Gandhi’s support hindered by potential resignations from Andhra MPs affecting UPA majority.

·        July 30, 2013: Congress Working Committee (CWC) approved creation of Telangana with 10 districts.

·        Feb 13, 2014: State Reorganisation Bill introduced in Lok Sabha.

·        Feb 18, 2014: Bill passed in Lok Sabha.

·        Feb 20, 2014: Bill passed in Rajya Sabha.

·        Mar 4, 2014: UPA designated June 2 as Telangana Formation Day.

·        June 2, 2014: Telangana officially became the 29th state of India after Presidential assent.

·        1999: BJP-led NDA government planned -implement – Kakinada Resolution, creating smaller states; formed – Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Uttarakhand (2000) not Telangana – TDP’s opposition led – Chandra Babu Naidu.

·        2001: Disappointed – delay, BJP minister Ale Narendra left BJP, formed – Telangana Sadhana Samithi, later merged –TRS – Aug 2002.

·        1998-2000: BJP and ABVP (led –  Mechineni Kishan Rao, Ale Narendra) campaigned – Godavari water rights for Telangana.

·        2008: L.K. Advani promised Telangana within – 100 days if BJP took office.

·        Dec 7, 2009: BJP supported Telangana during – all-party meeting convened – CM Rosaiah.

·        Dec 24, 2009: BJP joined Telangana Political Joint Action Committee (TJAC) advocating – statehood.

·        Jan 5, 2010: BJP representatives – all-party meeting—Bandaru Dattatreya (Telangana), Hari Babu (Andhra)—reaffirmed support – Telangana.

·        July 31, 2010: BJP MLA Yendala Laxminarayana resigned, protesting delays – Telangana formation.

·        2012: BJP State President G. Kishan Reddy led – Poru Telangana Yatra from Jan 19 to Feb 9, covering 88 constituencies – 22 days.

·        Sep 3-5, 2012: Kishan Reddy led Telangana Poru Deeksha at Jantar Mantar, Delhi; attended – Prakash Javadekar and TJAC Chairman Prof. Kodandaram; Mar – PM’s residence faced police lathi charge.

·        Feb 2014: Kishan Reddy staged – 3-day hunger strike – A.P. Bhavan, Delhi, supporting Telangana bill.

·        Alai-Balai: Bandaru Dattatreya promoted Telangana culture through Alai-Balai event during Dasara.

·        Aug 2011: Nagam Janardhan Reddy – left TDP, formed Telangana Nagara Samithi, merged with BJP – June 3, 2013, attended by Rajnath Singh.

·        Feb 18, 2014: Sushma Swaraj – unequivocally supported – Telangana State Reorganization bill – Lok Sabha.

·        Feb 20, 2014: Arun Jaitley endorsed – bill in Rajya Sabha, contributing – passage.

·        Sushma Swaraj: Following the bill’s passage, she asked to be remembered as “Chinna Amma of Telangana”, alongside Sonia Gandhi’s role -statehood.

Communist Party of India (CPI)

·        1946-1951: Involved in Telangana armed struggle.

·        1956: Supported Vishalandhra (united Andhra-Telangana).

·        1969: Did not support separate Telangana; backed united Andhra Pradesh.

·        Later Stages: Shifted support to Telangana statehood; backed in Pranab Mukherjee Committee, Sri Krishna Committee, all-party meetings.

·        K. Narayana’s “Telangana Poru Yatra” (2011): June 4-15, Adilabad to Hyderabad, concluding at Nizam College.

·        Jan 19, 2013: Organized dharna at Indira Park; supported by RLD leader Jayanth Singh.

Communist Party of India (Marxist) [CPM]

• 1964: Supported united Andhra Pradesh.
• 1969 & 2009: Opposed Telangana statehood; faced protests in 2009.
• Later Stage: Would not block Telangana if UPA moved ahead.
• Telangana Bill Vote: MPs abstained from voting.

CPI (ML) New Democracy Party

• Supported Telangana as a response to economic exploitation and social oppression.
• Active in JAC, emphasized equitable resource distribution and social justice.
• Played a key role in protests for Telangana statehood.

·        1983: NTR became Chief Minister – Jan 9, 1983, following TDP’s victory.

·        Aug 1984: NTR – ousted by Nadendla Bhaskar Rao, supported – Indira Gandhi and Governor Thakur Ramlal; reinstated – Sep 16, 1984.

·        1984: TDP became – main opposition – 8th Lok Sabha – winning 30 seats.

·        1985: TDP won – 202 seats – State Legislative Assembly, and NTR returned – Chief Minister.

·        1989: TDP lost – Congress; regained power- 1994, with NTR as CM.

·        Sep 1, 1995: Chandra Babu Naidu ousted NTR, becoming CM.

·        NTR TDP Party: Formed – Lakshmi Parvati after Naidu’s takeover.

·        TDP Stance: Initially against Telangana statehood, promoting unified Telugu identity.

·        1998: TDP allied – BJP and joined – NDA government – opposed Telangana formation, preventing – creation – 2000.

·        2001: K. Chandrashekar Rao (KCR) resigned from TDP & formed Telangana Rashtra Samithi (TRS), intensifying – Telangana movement.

·        G.O. 610 and J.M. Girglani Commission: Issued – NTR, delays -implementation increased dissatisfaction – Telangana.

·        2004: Naidu opposed – Telangana during elections, warning – water issues for Coastal Andhra.

·        2009: TDP supported – Telangana as part – Mahakutami (Grand Alliance) but lost elections; KCR’s fast – Dec 7 all-party meeting.

·        Chandra Babu Naidu’s Role: Initially supported Telangana – later played a major role – United Andhra agitation after Chidambaram’s Dec 9, 2009 statement.

·        2009: Nagam Janardhan Reddy, TDP leader, – attacked- Osmania University – student protests.

·        Jan 5, 2010: TDP reps – all-party meeting – Revuri Prakash Reddy (Telangana) and Yanamala Ramkrishnudu (Andhra).

·        2014: Telangana bill introduced – State Assembly and Parliament; TDP leaders – Telangana supported formation, – Andhra leaders supported – United Andhra Pradesh.Bottom of Form

AIMIM

·        Founded 1927 during Nizam era.

·        1957: Renamed – AIMIM – Abdul Wahid Owaisi.

·        1952-1955: Supported non-Mulki movement.

·        1989-1990: Salahuddin Owaisi briefly supported Telangana, then reversed.

·        Asaduddin Owaisi opposed Telangana, proposed – Rayala Telangana in 2010.

YSR Congress Party

·        2011: Formed – Y.S. Jagan Mohan Reddy.

·        Initially supported – Telangana sentiment, referenced Art 3 – 2012 all-party meeting.

·        Later opposed Telangana; Jagan protested – Parliament during bill passage.

Lok Satta Party

·        1996: Formed as NGO, became political party in 2006.

·        Jaya Prakash Narayana opposed Telangana, citing it wouldn’t solve problems.

UPA Government (2004-2014)

1.      2004: Promised Telangana formation.

2.      2009: Chidambaram announced decision for Telangana.

3.      Sri Krishna Committee led to delays.

4.      2013: Renewed commitment, cabinet endorsed.

5.      Lok Sabha process: Seemandhra MPs suspended; lack of transparency.

6.      Seemandhra concerns: Largely ignored, creating further discontent.

·       Formed – consolidate Telangana movement groups, – avoiding parliamentary politics.

·       “Democratic Telangana State” goal – advance marginalized communities.

·       Held – Amaraveerula Tyagaphalitha Dinam – Dec 9, 2010 at NTR Stadium.

·       Gaddar – resigned – April 2012; succeeded –Akula Bhumaiah, later – Maddhileti.

·       Chairman: Keshava Rao Jadhav, Co-Chairman: Vimalakka.

·       Sep 24, 2012: Vimalakka arrested for vandalism; also involved in attacks on toll gates and offices.

Telangana Vimochana Samithi

·       Formed – Aug 23, 2009 – V. Prakash and Kapilavai Dileep Kumar.

Dalit Bahujan Mahasabha

·       Founded –Maroju Veeranna; convenor Erra Johnson.

• Estd in 1994 by Manda Krishna Madiga; supported Telangana statehood.
• 1996: Launched reservation movement from Naravari Palli to Hyderabad.

Financial Non-Cooperation Movement

• February 28, 2010: Boycott of alcohol initiated by Kesipeddi Narsimha Raj.
• Villages like Khilashapur, Madharam, and others adopted liquor ban.

TJAC Bus Yatra

• Started on Mar 21, 2010 from Gun Park, Hyderabad, traveled through Nalgonda and Khammam.

Manukota Incident (May 28, 2010)

• YSRCP leader Jagan’s Odarpu Yatra blocked by Telangana protestors; 13 injured, Jagan arrested at Vangapally.

·        Chairman: Professor Tirumali; Co-Chairmen: Gajjala Kantham, Srinivas Raju.

TJAC Bus Yatra

·        March 21, 2010: TJAC launched – Telangana Movement Bus Yatra – Gun Park, Hyderabad, traveling – Nalgonda and Khammam, ending – large meeting in Manuguru.

Manukota Incident

·        May 28, 2010: Telangana supporters blocked – YSRCP Chief Jagan’s Odarpu Yatra –Manukota.

·        MLA Konda Surekha and MLC Konda Murali present; protests escalated, resulting in firing from Jagan’s group.

Suicides in Telangana Movement

·        1952-2014: Numerous sacrifices – Telangana statehood, including 369 deaths during the 1969 Telangana movement.

·        2009-2012: 885 deaths documented in the book “Telangana Movement Suicides, Sacrifices, Martyrs” from November 29, 2009 to Dec 9, 2012.

·        Nov 29, 2009: Srikantha Chary’s attempted suicide; died on Dec 3, 2009. Followed by nine more suicides, including Srikanth (Medak) and Bhukya Praveen (Warangal) on Nov 30, 2009.

·        Dec 1, 2009: Suicides of Constable Kistaiah (Nizamabad) and Ashok (Karimnagar).

Key Figures in Suicides

1.      Kasoju Srikantha Chary:

·       From Podichedu Village, Mothkur Mandal, Yadadri district; parents: Shankaramma and Venkata Chary.

·       First student – sacrifice life – later Telangana phase.

·       Nov 29, 2009: Self-immolation – L.B. Nagar X roads, Hyd; died – Dec 3, 2009.

2.      Constable Kistaiah:

·       Dec 1, 2009: Committed suicide – service gun for Telangana state.

·       From Shivayi Palli Village, Biknur Mandal, Nizamabad district; 1992 batch constable.

3.      Venu Gopal Reddy:

·       January 19, 2010: Committed suicide – Osmania University, Nalgonda.

4.      Siripuram Yadaiah:

·       February 20, 2010: Self-immolated near NCC gate, Osmania University.

·       July 31, 2010: Committed suicide after D. Srinivas‘ by-election defeat.

2.      Chiraboina Kanakaiah (Warangal district):

·       February 15, 2011: Physically handicapped; suicide for Telangana statehood.

3.      Yadi Reddy (Moinabad):

·       July 20, 2011: Committed suicide near Shastri Bhavan, Delhi.

4.      Bhojya Nayak (Warangal district):

·       March 24, 2012: Self-immolation in Hanumakonda, chanting “Jai Telangana”.

5.      Siripuram Srikanth (BJP activist):

·       March 28, 2012: Suicide by self-immolation in Hyderabad.

6.      Gudi Raji Reddy (Karimnagar district):

·       Sept 30, 2012: Injured – Sagaraharam protest, – died Oct 25, 2012.

7.      Avinash:

·       Committed suicide, testified – T-News – inspire Telangana supporters.

8.      Devender Reddy:

·       First lawyer – commit suicide for Telangana – 2010.

III.     Telangana Movement

4. Towards Formation of Telangana State (1991-2014)

Theme 2:     Role of Civil Society Groups, Organized & Unorganized Sectors, Castes and Communities in Telangana Movement

Theme 3:     Role of Students In Telangana Movement

Theme 4:    Role of Journalists

Theme 5:    Role of Employees 

Theme 5:     Role of Advocate’s, Doctors, Women, in Movement

Theme 6:     Nri’s in Telangana Movement

Theme 7:     Intensification of Movement, Forms of Protest And Major Events: Sakalajanula Samme, Noncooperation Movement; Million March, Etc

Theme 8:     Sakala Janula Samme, Sagara Haram, Vanta Varpu, Chalo Assembly:

·        Symbol of Telangana’s Existence, Culture, and Self-Respect

·        Cultural Emblem of Telangana Identity

Telugu Thalli Concept

·        World Telugu Convention: Organized in April 1975 by Chief Minister Jalagam Vengal Rao

·        Telugu Thalli Campaign: Intensive promotion of “Telugu Thalli”

·        State Anthem: “Maa Telugu Thalli Ki Mallepudanda” by Sankarambadi Sundara Chary

·        Limited Representation: Focus on Andhra, with only Rani Rudramadevi representing Telangana

Introduction of Telangana Thalli

·        First Mention: Concept introduced by Telangana poet Dasarathi Krishnama Charya

·        Poetic Reference: “Na Telangana Kanjatavalli” in Charya’s poetry

·        Cultural Representation of Telangana: Rich symbolism through local elements like the “golden hill of a million lights”

Key Figures in Designing Telangana Thalli

1.      B.S. Ramulu

2.      B.V.R. Chary (B. Venkata Ramana Chary)

3.      Prof. Gangadhar

4.      Narasimhulu

Design of Telangana Thalli

·        B.V.R. Chary’s Role: First digital design of Telangana Thalli

·        Initial Design: Depicted as a regular woman without a crown or ornaments

·        Published Image: Featured on the cover of “Prajatantra” magazine, run by Devulapalli Ajay

Role of “Prajatantra” in Telangana Movement

·        Only Newspaper Reporting on Telangana Movement: Before the launch of Namaste Telangana

·        Published Picture of Telangana Thalli: Initial design featured in Prajatantra

KCR’s Involvement and Changes to Telangana Thalli Design

·        KCR’s Feedback: Suggested changes to the initial design, rejecting the depiction of Telangana Thalli as a “normal woman under poverty”

·        Meetings Held: KCR, B.S. Ramulu, Prof. Gangadhar, Ele Laxman, Ekka Yadagiri, and others discussed redesign

·        Final Design: Prof. Gangadhar implemented suggestions into the present Telangana Thalli design

Sculpture and Unveiling of Telangana Thalli

·        Sculptor: Narasimhulu crafted the first statue based on Prof. Gangadhar’s design

·        Unveiling:

o   Godavarikhani Statue: by Telangana Jagruthi President Kavitha

o   First Statue at Telangana Bhavan: by KCR on November 15, 2007

o   Sculptor of Telangana Bhavan Statue: Pasunuri Dayakar

Depiction of Telangana Thalli

·        Bathukamma in Left Hand: Symbol of Telangana culture

·        Corn & Maize in Right Hand: Representation of crops grown in Telangana

·        Attire and Ornaments:

o   Silk Saree: Symbolizing Gadwal and Pochampalli sarees

o   Silver Mettelu (Toe Rings): Represents “Muttaiduva” (married woman with a living husband) and Karimnagar filigree work

·        Diamond in Crown: Symbol of Telangana’s world-famous Kohinoor diamond

·        Diamond in Waist Belt (Vaddanam): Symbol of Jacob Diamond from Telangana

Dattatreya Alai-Balai

Annual Celebration

·        Organized by: Union Minister Dattatreya

·        Event Date: The day following Dasara festival

·        Location: Jalavihar, Hussain Sagar, Hyderabad

Symbolism and Tradition

·        Main Activity: Hugging and greeting each other

·        Symbol of: Hindu-Muslim unity in Telangana

·        Introduction: Tradition introduced during the Telangana movement

Historical Background

·        First Event: Held at Nizam College

·        Symbol of Telangana’s Existence: Established by Dattatreya as a cultural tradition during the movement

Founder

·        Rasamai Balakishan: Initiated Telangana Dhoom-Dham

·        Inspiration: Janapada Jatara by Anthadupula Nagaraju

Cultural Form

·        Performance Type: Songs and dance performances by artists and singers

·        Included Folk Forms:

o   Oggu Katha

o   Chirutalu

o   Kolatam

o   Bathukamma

o   Golla Suddulu

o   Ekanadham

o   Other Local Dances

Key Events and Performances

·        First Show: September 30, 2002, Kamareddy

·        Subsequent Shows:

o   Second: Sangareddy

o   Third: Siddipet

o   Fourth: 2006, Telugu Lalitha Kala Thoranam, Hyderabad

Dhoom-Dham Celebrations

·        One-Decade Celebrations: December 22, 2012, Indira Priyadarshini auditorium, Hyderabad

·        Inaugurated by: Guda Anjaiah, Gaddar, and others

Cultural Impact

·        Strengthened Aspirations: Telangana cultural identity and statehood aspirations

Telangana Jagruthi:

Founder

• Kalvakuntla Kavitha: Founded in 2008

Objectives

• Awareness of Telangana Culture
• Revival of Bathukamma Tradition
• Protection of Telangana Folk Arts and Culture
• Promotion of Telangana Literature, Language, and Accent

Key Activities

• Bathukamma Celebrations: Across all districts, culminating at Tank Bund, Hyderabad
• Cultural March: Involving millions of participants

Focus Areas

• Preservation of Telangana Folk Arts
• Promotion of Art Forms and Specialties
• Cultural Identity and Heritage Protection

Role of Various groups and cultural organizations:

Telangana Cultural Federation

Formation

·        Established: June 2007

·        Founders: Guda Anjaiah, Ande Sri, Goreti Venkanna, V. S. Rao, Gaddar, and others

State Executive

·        President: Guda Anjaiah

·        Honorary President: Gaddar

·        Advisors: B.S. Ramulu, Pasam Yadagiri

Main Objectives

·        Unite Public Organizations and Artists of Telangana

·        Highlight Injustice and Damages Done to Telangana

·        Preserve and Promote Telangana Artifacts and Cultural Heritage

Telangana Singidi Writer’s Association (2008)

Formation

·        Established: September 21, 2008

·        Meaning of Singidi: Rainbow

·        Formed by: Poets and writers from Telangana districts

Aims and Objectives

·        Strengthening the Telangana Movement

·        Preservation of Telangana Literature

·        Revival of Discriminated Telangana Literature

·        Encouragement of Writing in Telangana Dialects

Key Activities

·        Seminars and Meetings: Highlighting Telangana literature

·        Publication: “Dimmisa” poem by Sunkara Ramesh (on Million March destruction of statues)

·        Role in Telangana Movement: Poets, writers, artists, and singers played a significant role through their works and songs, motivating the people.

Telangana History Congress (2008)

Formation

·        Established: March 2008

·        Location: Osmania University

·        Leadership:

o   President: Prof. G. Venkat Rajam

o   Vice-Presidents: Prof. Syed Ayub Ali, Prof. Sudha Rani

o   General Secretary: V. Sadanandam

Objectives

·        Publication of Telangana Festivals and Occasions

·        Addressing Issues Related to Telangana

Formation

·        Founded: October 14, 2001, Siddipet

·        Founders: Nandini Sidda Reddy, Gouri Shankar, K. Srinivas, Jukanti Jagannadham

·        Separation from: Telangana Samskruthika Vedika

Leadership (2002)

·        President: Nandini Siddha Reddy

·        Secretary: Venu Sankoju

Aims and Objectives

·        Restoration of Telangana Culture

·        Fight Against Cultural Discrimination

·        Promotion of Telangana State Aspirations

·        Revival of Telangana Literature

Key Activities

·        “Soyi” Newspaper: Established to promote Telangana literature

·        Holi Celebrations: Organized since 2005

·        Festivals and Occasions: Highlighting Telangana festivals

Important Events

·        Telangana Kavulu Garjana Sabha: February 27, 2011, BasheerBagh Press Club

·        Book Inauguration: “Virugudu” – April 13, 2011, Pothana Statue, Tank Bund

·        Telangana Sahitya Yudda Bheri Sabha: January 2013, A.V. College, Hyderabad

Significant Contributions

·        “Virugudu” Book: Collection of essays on Million March protests and Andhra supremacy

·        Demand for Telangana Bill: Advocated for immediate introduction in Parliament

·        C. Narayana Reddy’s Slogan: “Jai Telangana means Sye Telangana”

Cultural Impact

·        Preservation of Telangana Culture and Literature

·        Advocacy for Telangana Statehood

Telangana Samskruthika Vedika:

Formation

·        Founded: November 1, 1998

·        Location: BasheerBagh Press Club, Hyderabad

·        Purpose: Strengthen the Telangana movement by reviving Telangana literature and culture

Key Figures

·        Founding Members:

o   Sunkireddy Narayana Reddy

o   Nandini Sidda Reddy

o   Ambati Surendra Raju

o   K. Srinivas

o   Kasula Pratap Reddy

Publications

·        “Mattadi”: Collection of poems edited by Sunkireddy Narayana Reddy and Ambati Surendra Raju

·        “Telangana Thovalu”: Written by Kasula Pratap Reddy

·        “Bhaugolik Sandarbam”: Another book by Kasula Pratap Reddy focusing on geographical context

Cultural Contributions

·        Revival of Telangana Literature and Culture

·        Promotion of Telangana Statehood through Cultural Expression

Telangana History Society

Formation

·        Established: June 6, 2006

·        Location: Fateh Maidan Club, Hyderabad

·        Key Figure: Convenor – Tadakamalla Vivek

Main Objectives

·        Investigate, Transcribe, and Preserve: History and culture of Telangana

·        Recover Telangana’s Historical and Cultural Heritage

Publications

·        Key Books:

1.      Reconstruction of Telangana History

2.      Different Perspectives of 17th September, 1948

3.      History of Andhra Pradesh Formation, History of Sabotage (Andhra Pradesh Charitra Yerpadu Vidroha Charitra)

4.      Revolt of 1857

Significance

·        Role in Telangana Statehood Movement

·        Contribution to Preserving Telangana’s History and Culture

·        Formation: March 2004

·        Convenor: Prof. Kodandaram

·        Key Members: Prof. Jaya Shankar, Nandini Siddha Reddy, Sridhar Rao Deshpande, C. Vittal, Deshapathi Srinivas, Pittala Ravinder, Prof. Revathi, Sridhar Swamy, Prof. Venkatanarayana

Objectives and Activities

·        Campaigns Against Water Diversion Projects: Potireddy Padu Project, Pulichintala Project

·        Legal Actions: Polavaram Project stay

·        Awareness Programs: Issues in electricity in Medak, problems of Dubbaka weavers, Beedi industry concerns

·        Seminars and Meetings: Seminar on “Telangana Development under Y.S.R government”, round table conferences

Political Involvement

·        2004 General Elections: Campaign against Telugu Desam Party

·        Pro Telangana Candidates: Support and campaign

·        Protests Against Central Government: Allocation of Mining University, formation of Telangana state

Publications

·        Books:

o   “Education in Telangana”

o   “Chedhirina Cheruvu”

o   “Bhoomi Pundu”

o   “5 years of congress rule”

Integration with Larger Movements

·        Participation in TJAC: Active role in Separate Telangana movement since 24th December 2009

Telangana Joint Action Committee (TJAC)

·        Formation Year: August 2006

·        Precursor: Ineffectiveness of 2004 coalition post-elections

·        Founders: Akula Bhumaiah, Pasham Yadagiri, Chikkudu Prabhakar, Hanumanth

Nature and Structure

·        Type: Non-political forum

·        Constituents: 32 Telangana public and movement organizations

·        Exclusion: Political parties were not part of the committee

Objectives and Actions

·        Main Objective: Unite Telangana forces

·        Activities: Spread Telangana ideology, pressurize political parties for the formation of Telangana state

Telangana Private Sector Employees JAC

Formation and Purpose

·        Organization: Joint Action Committee for private sector employees

·        Objective: Advocate for the formation of Telangana State

Key Events

1.      Conference on Telangana State

o   Date: 23rd May 2010

o   Location: Sundarayya Vignana Kendram

o   Purpose: Discuss strategies for achieving a separate Telangana State

2.      Rally for Telangana Formation

o   Date: 19th July 2012

o   Event Name: “Bhoomi Putrulu Pada Yatra”

o   Objective: Mobilize support for the formation of Telangana State

·        Formation Date: 28th September 2006

·        Founders: Tejavath Bellaiah Naik, Erra Johnson Madiga, P. Narsingh Rao, Addanki Dayakar, Yoganandam

·        Slogan: “We want social Telangana but not Geographical Telangana”

Leadership Structure

·        President: Tejavath Bellaiah Naik

·        Vice-President: Mohammad Iqbal

·        General Secretary: Yoganandam Goud

Activities and Events

·        Supporting Organizations: Telangana Students Association at Osmania University

·        Convenor: Raja Ram Yadav

·        Notable Incidents: Slapping incident involving Lagadapati at Press Club, Somajiguda

·        Major Meetings: Meeting at Osmania Arts College on 17th September 2006 for Telangana merger day

Notable Participants and Guests

·        Chief Guest: Former Central Minister George Fernandes

·        Attendees: Gaddar, Pasam Yadagiri, Keshavaraj Jadhav

·        Demand: Introduction of Telangana bill in Parliament

TSS Delhi Round Table Conference Events

Dharna at Jantar Mantar

·        Dates: 20th, 21st August 2007

·        Organizers: Telangana Sadhana Samyuktha Vedika, Telangana Sangharshana Samithi

·        Participants: 27 Telangana public organizations

·        Founding Influence: Konda Laxman Bapuji

National Level Round Table Conference

·        Date: 22nd August 2007

·        Location: A.P. Bhavan, Delhi

·        Title: “Separate State movement in 60 years of Independent India”

·        President: Yoganandham (General Secretary of TSS)

·        Demand: Establishment of Telangana State by 30th September 2007

Major Actions and Protests

·        Ultimatum to Central Government: Establish Telangana by 30th September, or face Satyagraha from 2nd October 2007

·        Open Meeting: 27th September 2007 at Nizam College grounds, 30,000 attendees discussing the Telangana bill

·        Planeroco Event: 2nd October 2007, Begumpet Airport, Hyderabad

·        Dharna on Telangana Sabotage Day: 1st November 2007, Jantar Mantar, Delhi, 2000 participants

·        Organization: Telangana Sangharshana Samithi

·        Leader: Tejavath Bellaiah Naik

·        Distance: 1016 kilometers

·        Start Date: 14th November 2007

·        Start Point: Udalamarri, Nirmal, Adilabad district

·        End Point: Gunpark, Martyrs Stupa, Hyderabad

·        Purpose: Demand the introduction of the Telangana State Bill in Parliament

Key Events and Locations

·        Origin Site: Memorial of Gond warrior Ranji Gond

·        Conclusion Site: In front of Assembly, Hyderabad

Yudha Bheri Sabha

·        Date: 28th December 2007

·        Location: Government Degree College ground, Hanumkonda

·        Event Name: “Yudha Bheri Sabha”

·        Focus: Telangana bill

Rally and Slogans

·        Rally Start: Azamjahi mills

·        Slogans:

o   “Let us establish Dalit Bahujan people’s kingdom”

o   “Ban articles and services of Andhra investors”

o   “Immediately introduce Telangana bill in parliament”

People’s Telangana Foundation

·        Concern: Dominance of upper castes and professional groups in the Telangana movement

·        Recognition: Need for broader participation from SC, ST, OBC, and minorities

Formation and Leadership

·        Establishment: May 2007

·        Purpose: Mobilize diverse social groups for the Telangana cause

·        Convenor: Prof. Simhadri

·        Co-Convenor: Bhangya Bukya

Telangana History Congress

Formation Details

·        Establishment: March 2008

·        Location: Osmania University

Leadership

·        President: Prof. G. Venkat Rajam

·        Vice-Presidents: Prof. Syed Ayab Ali, Prof. Sudha Rani

·        General Secretary: V. Sadanandham

Objectives

·        Purpose: Highlight and publish information about Telangana festivals

Telangana Matti Manushula Vedika

·       Founder: Venepalli Pandu Ranga Rao

·        Origin: Alagadapa, Nalgonda district

Establishment

·        Purpose: Conduct programs supporting the Telangana movement

Notable Activism

·        Event: Hunger strike

·        Date: January 2012

·        Location: NallabandaGudem, at Andhra-Telangana border on National Highway 9

·        Duration: 24 hours

·        Objective: Raise awareness among people returning from the Sankranthi festival

Telangana Hakkula Parirakshana Samithi

·        Founder: Mandadi Uday Kumar

·        Year Established: 1999

·        Purpose: Combat discrimination in the film industry

Telangana Film Directors Forum

·        Year Established: 2013

·        President: Allani Sridhar

Telangana Film Chamber of Commerce

·        President: Vijayendar Reddy

Telangana Production & Mini Theaters Owners Co-operative Society

·        President: Sana Yadi Reddy

Hyderabad Cricket Association (HCA)

Establishment

·        Year Established: 1931

·        Founder: Nawab Moinudullah, Nawab of Saroornagar

·        Purpose: Promote cricket in the region

Leadership Transition

·        Transfer of Control: Post-Nizam period, control passed to Andhra Pradesh leaders

Issues of Discrimination

·        Impact: Cricketers from Telangana faced discrimination

·        Notable Case: Kolanupaka Sunil Babu

Role of Caste Associations in Telangana Movement

Historical Context

·        Initial Involvement: Significant role during the 1969 Telangana movement

·        Leader Contributions: Munnuru Kapu leader Bhojja Narasimhulu united backward classes for the cause

Ideological Shifts and Formation of New Movements

·        Maroju Veeranna: Broke from Janashakthi Revolutionary party, formed the Communist Party of the United States of India

·        Formation of Telangana Mahasabha: 1996, alongside several caste associations

Specific Caste Associations

1.      Lambadi Hakkula Porata Samithi (Nagarabhavi)

o   Founding President: Tejavath Bellaiah Nayak

2.      Adivasi Hakkula Porata Samithi (Tudum Dhebba)

o   Convenor: Dubbagatla Narsing Rao

3.      Erukala Hakkula Porata Samithi (Kurru)

o   Convenor: Waligi Prabhakar

Establishment

·        Foundation Date: 14th October 1998

·        Parent Organization: Telangana Jana Sabha

Aims and Objectives

·        Conservation: Preserve Telangana history and culture

·        Implementation: Enforce Government Order 610

·        Education Reform: Include Telangana language in school textbooks

Activities and Impact

·        Period of Activity: 1998-2003

·        Awareness and Advocacy: Organized meetings to discuss the injustices faced by Telangana students in education and employment

·        Community Engagement: Conducted numerous awareness programs in rural areas.

Telangana Research Scholars Association

Formation

·        Established: September 2006

·        Leader: P. Shankar

Major Events

·        Telangana Liberation Day: 17th September 2007

·        Event Type: Open meeting

·        Collaboration: Telangana Research Scholars Association and Telangana Students Organization

·        Location: Near Arts College

Osmania University Students JAC

Formation

·        Date: 21st November 2009

·        Chairman: Pidamarthi Ravi

·        Collaboration: Formed by 26 student associations

Role and Impact

·        Contribution: Credit for the formation and effectiveness of the Joint Action Committee largely goes to the student associations.

·        Central Location: Osmania University Arts College served as the pivotal location for the formation of the Student’s JAC and for propagating the Telangana movement.

Telangana Vidyarthi Ranabheri Sabha

·        Date: 23rd January 2010

·        Location: Nizam College

·        Permission: Authorized by the High Court

·        Purpose: Advocate for the formation of a separate Telangana state

Organizing Body

·        Organizer: ABVP (Akhil Bharatiya Vidyarthi Parishad), a subsidiary organization of the BJP

Keynote Speaker and Support

·        Guest: Sushma Swaraj, BJP leader and then opposition leader in Lok Sabha

·        Support: Expressed backing for the creation of a separate Telangana state

Formation

·        Established: 8th August 2006

·        Partnership: Collaboration of SC, ST, and BC student associations

Resolutions and Ideologies

·        Goals: Advocate for a Socialist Telangana influenced by the ideologies of Ambedkar and Phule

·        Leadership Vision: Strive for Telangana under socialist leadership, not under landlords

Major Events

·        Initial Meeting: August 2006 with 10,000 students attending

·        Notable Guests: George Fernandez, Gaddar, Rasamayi Balakishan, Simhadri, and other student leaders

Participation in Movements

·        Maha Sanskruthika Shanti Yatra: Led by Gaddar in 2007

·        Route: From Manuguru, Khammam district to Bellampalli, Adilabad district

·        Duration: 24 days

Community Impact

·        Collaboration: Effective partnership among BC, SC, & ST student associations to propel the Telangana movement forward

Commemoration Day of the Martyrs

Event:

·        Date: 8th January 2010

·        Location: Telugu University

·        Purpose: Honor the martyrs of the Telangana movement

Rally and Police Interaction

·        Origin: Rally started from Arts College

·        Interruption: Police stopped the rally at NCC gate

·        Response: Student protests met with police tear gas and physical altercations

Reaction to Sri Krishna Committee

·        Formation Date: 3rd February 2010

·        Issue: Students agitated over the omission of the word “Telangana” in the committee’s declaration

·        Committee Focus: Out of 7 issues, only 1 related to the possibility of forming Telangana was included

Continued Activism

·        Impact: Osmania University turned into a central point of conflict

·        Awareness Campaign: Students conducted “Pada Yatra” to raise awareness and support for the movement

Vidyarthula Polikeka

·        Date: 7th February 2010

·        Location: Kakatiya University, Warangal

·        Event Name: “Poli Keka” (Big Shout)

·        Purpose: Conclude the pada yatra with a large open meeting organized by students

Establishment

·        Date: 27th October 2006

·        President: Janjarla Ramesh Babu

·        General Secretary: Shiva Kumar

Objectives

1.      Separate State: Advocate for the formation of a separate Telangana State.

2.      Government Order 610: Strive for the implementation of G.O. 610.

3.      Education Reform: Promote the implementation of a scientific education system in Telangana.

4.      Mother Tongue Education: Ensure primary education is provided in the mother tongue.

Activities and Participation

·        Programs: Organized various initiatives to achieve the stated objectives.

·        Maha Shanti Yatra: Participated in the 24-day yatra organized by Gaddar.

o   Slogan: “We want our water, we want our land and our jobs, we want our Telangana.”

·        Concluding Meeting: Held at Arts College on 21st February 2007.

Telangana United Students Association

Formation

·        Date: January 2008

·        Leader: Veeragoni Chaitanya Goud

·        Collaboration: Partnership of 32 student organizations

Purpose

·        Goal: Unite various student groups to collectively fight for the formation of a separate Telangana state and strengthen the Telangana movement.

Major Event

·        Conference Date: 2nd February 2008

·        Location: Tagore Auditorium

·        Objective: Demand the immediate declaration of a separate Telangana.

Support and Participation

·        Attendees: All political parties, Telangana public associations, and student organizations

·        Outcome: Unified declaration of support for a separate Telangana.

Na Raktham – Na Telangana (My blood – My Telangana)

Event Overview

• Date: 30th January 2010
• Inspiration: Subash Chandra Bose
• Activity: Blood donation program
• Purpose: Promote unity and contribute positively in the Telangana movement

Organizational Support

• Key Participants: ABVP students
• Role: Played a significant role in organizing and executing the blood donation program

Event and Date

·        Event: Telangana Vidyarthi Maha Garjana Sabha

·        Date: 3rd January 2010

Location and Purpose

·        Location: Arts College, Osmania University

·        Purpose: Demonstrate strength and advocate for the formation of a separate Telangana state ahead of the Central government’s all-party meeting.

Organizational Details

·        Organizer: Osmania University Joint Action Committee (O.U. JAC)

·        President: Vangapalli Srinivas

Legal and Logistical Challenges

·        Permission: Initially denied by police, subsequently granted by the High Court

Participation and Impact

·        Participants: Lakhs of students from across Telangana

Key Statements and Threats

·        Pidamarthi Ravi: Threat to restrict movement during the Sankranti festival if favorable decisions were not made.

·        Balka Suman: Commitment to continue the movement until a self-governing Telangana is established.

·        Prof. Kodandaram: Comment on the intense security akin to the India-Pakistan border around Osmania Campus.

OU JAC Maha Padayatra

Overview

·        Organizer: Osmania University Joint Action Committee (OU JAC)

·        Duration: 18th January to 7th February 2010

Route and Purpose

·        Start Point: Osmania University (OU) campus

·        End Point: Kakatiya University (KU) campus

·        Objective: Extend the Telangana movement into the villages

Participation

·        Participants: Students from all universities across Telangana participated in the padayatra

Formation and Key Members

·        Formation Date: 31st May 2001

·        Location: Press Club, Basheer Bagh

·        Founding Members: Allam Narayana, Kranthi, Palle Ravi Kumar, Shashikanth, A. Ramana Kumar, N. Venu Gopal

·        Leadership: Allam Narayana as President during the Telangana movement

Activities and Protests

·        Participation: Active involvement in TJAC protest activities

·        Reporting: Provided comprehensive coverage of Telangana movement activities

Significant Events

·        Journalist Martyr: Sunil Kumar’s suicide on 9th March 2010 for separate Telangana

·        One Day Relay Hunger Strike: 28th April 2010, slogan “Telangana Kosam – Telangana Journalists”

·        Hyderabad Media March: 4th October 2010

·        Telangana Patrikeyula Mahasabha: 5th December 2010, demand for Telangana bill in Parliament

·        Mock Assembly: 14th March 2011 at Khairtabad, protest against media management and restrictions in Sri Krishna committee report

·        Kalam – Kavathu (Pen–March): 17th to 19th May 2011, Dharna at Jantar Mantar, Delhi, slogan “Pen in one hand – movement with other hand”

Engagement and Support

·        Support: Political leaders, journalists, and public association leaders attended various events and meetings organized by TJF

·        Date: 30th October 2012

·        Organizers: Telangana journalists under Telangana Journalists Forum (TJF)

·        Route: From Sundarayya Park to Indira Park

·        Purpose: Protest against discrimination towards Telangana journalists by the Seemandhra government

Allam Narayana:

·        Hometown: Jagityal

·        Post-State Formation Role: First Chairperson of the Press Academy of Telangana

·        Journalism: Editor of “Jeevan Gadda”, wrote articles in Telangana dialect including “Allam – Karam Life line Pranahita”

·        Poems:

1.      Ee Kalapu Dukhamu (2004): Depicts the destruction of the Telangana language.

2.      Yadi – Manadi

3.      Jagityala Palle

Mudiganti Sujatha Reddy

·        Editorial Works: Sujatha Reddy has edited collections of stories reflecting the cultural heritage of Telangana.

1.      Telangana Tholi Tharam Kathalu: Stories from the early generations.

2.      Telangana Mali Tharam Kathalu: Stories from later generations.

Ghanta Chakrapani

·        Past Positions: Worked as a sub-editor for the newspapers Udayam and Andhra Jyothi.

·        Column Writing: Authored a weekly column titled “Ghanta Padham” in the newspaper Namaste Telangana.

T-News

·        Original Name: Raj News

·        Purpose: Broadcast the realities of the Telangana movement.

·        Rebranding: Changed to “T- News” later.

Uma Maheshwari:

·        Position: Editor of “Bhumika,” a women’s magazine.

·        Publication: Bhumika magazine published a compilation including 200 papers on Telangana’s problems and history.

Early Life and Activism

·        1972 Telangana Movement

·        Radical Student Union

Editorial Roles

·        Editor of Radical March (1984-1996)

·        Essays on Telangana Separation

·        Founder and Editor of Veekshanam (2005-present)

Literary Contributions

·        Telangana Tandlata

·        Lechi Nilichina Telangana

·        Udyamala Nepadhyam

·        Telangana Rashtra Samasyalu (Editor)

·        50 Years of Andhra Pradesh (Editor)

Pittala Ravinder:

·        Worked as a journalist for Rachabanda, Jeevana Gadda, Udayam, and Vartha newspapers.

·        Hometown: Karimnagar

·        Roles in Telangana Intellectual Forum:

o   State Vice-President

o   State General Secretary

Literary Works

·        Telangana March: Chronicles the Telangana movement.

·        Singareni Parinamalu – Paryavaranam: Environmental impact of coal mining in Singareni.

·        Singareni Samskaranalu-Oka Pariseelana: Study on the changes within Singareni industries.

·        Boggu Porallo: Focus on coal mine issues.

·        Bhumi Pundu: Discusses the consequences of open-cast mining.

HMTV Dasha-Disha Program

Overview

·        Program: “Andhra Pradesh Dasha – Disha”

·        Organizer: HMTV, led by K. Ram Chandra Murthy.

Impact

·        Awareness: Enhanced awareness among Andhra and Telangana people about regional issues.

·        Unity: Helped minimize differences of opinions among activists from both regions.

Historical Background

·        Formation: 1946 during Nizam’s rule as “Mulajim Union.”

·        Initial President: Abdul Gaffar Hussain.

·        Recognition: Gained official status through a farman by 7th Nizam, Mir Osman Ali Khan.

Evolution and Name Change

·        Original Name: Mulajim Union

·        Name Change: In 1967, changed to “Telangana Non-Gazetted Officers’ Union” (TNGO Union).

Key Movements and Protests

·        1969 Movement: Played an active role under the leadership of K.R. Amos and Swaminathan.

·        Opposition to Non-Mulki Hiring: Fought against the employment of non-locals in violation of the Mulki rules post-Hyderabad state’s merger with India.

·        1975 Presidential Order: Protested appointments of non-locals in Telangana jobs.

·        G.O. 610 Implementation: Advocated for the implementation of Government Order 610 by the N.T.R government, which aimed to correct employment imbalances.

Leadership

·        2005 Presidency: D. Sudhakar became President of the TNGO Union.

Advocacy Initiatives

·        Memorandum for G.O. 610

·        Leadership by C. Vittal

·        Chief Minister Chandra Babu Naidu

Government Response

·        Girglani Commission Formation

Mobilization and Awareness

·        2002 Sabhas and Protests

·        2004 Diary Launch at Ashoka Hotel

·        Presence of Prof. Jaya Shankar

Documentation and Ideology Spread

·        Injustices to Telangana in Diary

·        Promotion of Separate Telangana Ideology

Movement Escalation

·        2006 Quit Telangana Movement

TNGO’s Telangana Yatra for Implementation of 610 G.O

Event Overview

·        Date: 20th December 2006

·        Objective: Pressure government for implementation of 610 G.O.

·        Starting Point: TNGO head office, Nampally

·        Initiator: Prof. Hara Gopal

Rally Details

·        Vehicle Count: Approximately 600 (cars, jeeps)

·        Route: Traveled through all districts of Telangana, concluded in Hyderabad

Concluding Event

·        Location: Indira Priyadarshini Auditorium, Public Gardens, Hyderabad

·        Key Speakers:

o   Prof. Jaya Shankar

o   M.T. Khan (Civil rights forum leader)

o   Harish Rao (TRS leader)Bottom of Form

Formation and Leadership

·        Established: July 2006

·        Purpose: Implement Girglani Commission’s suggestions

·        Initial Leadership: C. Vittal

·        Key Forums: 26 forums joined, excluding TNGO

Key Contributions and Members

·        TRTU Role: Significant contribution

·        TRTU Leaders: Katamguri Satyanarayana Reddy, T. Prabhakar

·        TNGO Joining Date: 2007

·        Leadership Post-TNGO Joining:

o   Chairman: Sudhakar, later Swamy Goud

o   Secretary General: C. Vittal

o   Co-Chairman: Tadakamalla Vivek

Actions and Impact

·        Response to 2009 Supreme Court Judgement: Organized rallies and protests

·        Ongoing Role: Significant from 2006 to the passing of the Telangana Bill in February 2014

Formation and Leadership

• Establishment: December 2009
• State Convenor: M. Rajender Reddy
• Co-convenor: Puligari Govardhan Reddy

Advocacy and Protests

• Hunger Strikes: Initiated in response to disturbances during KCR’s fast.
• Visa Protest: Mock visa issuance to Non-Telangana drivers.
• Signature Campaign: “One crore signature collection” for Telangana support.

Key Events

• Chalo Raj Bhavan: Attempt to approach Raj Bhavan on 21st February 2010.
• Praja Court lo Chalo Assembly: Organized on 29th June 2013 at Veterinary Bhavan, Masab Tank as a protest against government and police actions.

Formation and Key Figures

• Telangana Government Doctors Forum
• Leadership: Dr. Ramesh, Dr. Narasaiah Goud, Dr. Suresh Chandra

Major Protests and Events

• Medical Students Garjana: Demand for separate Telangana bill at Osmania Medical College.
• Palle Palle Pattala Paiki: Free medical services on railway tracks near Bibinagar.
• Million March: Participation by doctors in white attire.
• Vanta–Varpu Program: Hosted at Clock Tower, Secunderabad.

Special Meetings

• Doctors Sankharavam Meeting: Held in Vikarabad, Ranga Reddy district.

Related Legal and Advocacy Actions

• Lawyers’ Dharna at Jantar Mantar: Demanding Telangana bill in Parliament.
• Group 1 Mains Exam Disruption: By lawyers against APPSC.
• Telangana Nyaya Sangramam CD Launch: Movement songs inauguration.

Key Figures

• Belli Lalitha, Vimalakka, Sandhya, Jagruti Kavita, Surepalli Sujatha, Allam Padma, Jyoti Kiran, Vijayashanti, Padma Devender Reddy, Vanam Jhansi, Ratnamala

Organizational Roles

• Telangana Women’s Joint Action Committee (TJAC): Formed in 2009

Major Events

• State Level Women’s Conference: January 31, 2010
• Dhoom–Dham Program: March 3, 2013, at Dharna Chowk, Hyderabad

Cultural Involvement

• Cultural Symbols: Bonalu, Bathukamma

·       First Telangana Association in America: Formed in 1999 by Madhu K. Reddy and Sudheer Kodhati.

·        Inspirational Event: Prof. Jaya Shankar released “Dimensions of Telangana Development” in 1997, influencing the creation of TDF.

Digital Outreach and Awareness

·        Website Launch: “Telangana.org” established by Madhu K. Reddy to distribute information and the book “Dimensions of Telangana Underdevelopment.”

·        Impact: Enabled Telangana diaspora in the US to understand regional losses under Andhra rule.

Advocacy and Campaigns

·        Election Advertisements: Published ads during the 1999, 2004, and 2009 elections to highlight Telangana’s plight.

·        Booklets Distribution: “Telangana Kanniti Gadha” and “Andhra Valasa Palanalo Telangana” circulated among Telangana voters.

Conferences and Events

·        Telangana Banquet Night: 2010 conference in the US discussing regional issues.

·        Pravasa Telangana Diwas: 4th annual event held on December 18, 2011, in Karimnagar, India.

Formation and Leadership

·        Founded: 2006 from a split with TDF

·        Chairman: Narayana Swamy Venkata Yogi

·        President: Venkat Maroju

·        Vice President: Amar Karimella

Awards and Recognitions

·        Kaloji Award: Telangana Literature

·        Chindu Yellamma Award: Telangana Art and Architecture

·        Prof. Jaya Shankar Award: Outstanding Research in Telangana Sociology

·        Komaram Bheem Award: Social Change in Telangana

·        Suravaram Pratap Reddy Award: Publishing Assistance for New Authors

·        Paidi Jairaj Award: Short Films Benefitting Telangana’s Downtrodden

·        Shoibullah Khan Award: Journalism Contributing to Telangana Society

International Advocacy

·        Event: “Telangana Kavathu” Exhibition

·        Date: 15th October 2011

·        Location: Washington, D.C.

·        Purpose: Support “Sakala Janula Samme” program

Leadership

·        Founding President: Nukala Venkateshwar Reddy

Global Support

·        International Forums: London, South Africa

·        Key Contributor: Kastala Subba Rao, facilitated the formation of the Telangana Association of South Africa

Telangana Information Technology Association (TITA)

Formation and Purpose

·        Objective: Engage IT experts in the Telangana movement

Leadership

·        President: Sandeep Kumar Makthala

Initiatives

·        Program: “Digithan”

·        Goal: Increase digital literacy in the Telangana region

·        Collaboration: Partnership with Telangana government

Bottom of Form

Overview and Inspiration

·        Inspiration: Gandhi’s Non-cooperation movement against British rule

·        Purpose: Press for immediate introduction of the Telangana bill in Parliament

·        Organizer: Telangana Joint Action Committee (TJAC)

·        Duration: 16 days, from 17th February to 4th March 2011

Preceding Events

·        13th February 2011: Dappu Chatimpu and Kankanalu (Yellow threads) tying

·        14th February 2011: Rallies in constituencies

·        15th February 2011: Jail Bharo program

·        16th February 2011: Dharna in front of Congress and TDP MPs and MLAs’ houses

Launch and Actions

·        Initial Launch: 17th February 2011, alongside the state budget session

·        Key Actions:

o   Employee boycott of duties

o   Non-payment of taxes

o   Travel without tickets in the transport system

o   National highway blockages

o   Rallies and picketing at Central Government offices

o   “Walk for Telangana” and “Prabhatha Bheri” on 19th February

o   48-hour bandh starting 22nd February across ten districts

Escalation and Response

·        Rail Roko: “Palle palle pattala paiki” on 1st March, blocking train passages between North and South India

·        Legal Actions: Petition filed on 25th February demanding action against participating employees

Resolution

·        Termination of Movement: 4th March 2011, following negotiations with State Ministers

·        Agreement Points:

1.      Formation of a commission headed by a retired judge to monitor the implementation of Presidential orders.

2.      State government to take JAC leaders to Delhi for discussions on removing paragraph 14(F) from the Presidential orders.

3.      Establishment of a monitoring committee chaired by a council of ministers, legislative members, and the Secretary-General of the Government.

4.      Appointment of local candidates in pending recruitments.

Inspiration and Objective

·        Event: Million March

·        Date: 10th March 2011

·        Location: Tank Bund, Hyderabad

·        Inspiration: Tahrir Square blockade, Cairo

Preliminary Actions

·        Mass Hunger Strike Date: 26th February 2011

·        Location: Nampally, Hyderabad

·        Chief Guest: KCR

Announcement and Support

·        KCR’s Unilateral Announcement

·        Support: Wide backing from public unions and political JAC

Scheduling and Legal Constraints

·        Timing Adjustment: March rescheduled to avoid clashing with student exams

·        Permission: Denied by police

·        Legal Measures: Section 144 imposed

Participation and Arrests

·        Preventive Arrests: Over a thousand activists and leaders, including Kodandaram

·        Participants: Activists from various JACs, political parties, public organizations, and students

Incident and Conflict

·        Osmania University Students: Participation despite police blockade

·        Attacks: Congress leaders attacked by march participants for not resigning in support of Telangana

·        Statues Installed: 33 statues by N.T. Rama Rao in 1986

·        Telangana Statues: Only 7 statues represent Telangana:

1.      Rudrama Devi

2.      Pothana

3.      Abul Hasan Tanisha

4.      Ramadasu (Kancharla Gopanna)

5.      Mahbub Ali Khan

6.      Makhdoom Mohiuddin

7.      Suravaram Pratap Reddy

8.      Komaram Bheem (unveiled on 5th October 2012)

Reasons for Protest

·        Demands: Release of leaders arrested during the Million March

·        Perception: Statues viewed as predominantly representing Andhra figures

·        Outcome: 16 statues destroyed, including:

o   Siddhendra Yogi, Sir Arthur Cotton, Kandukuri Veereshalingam, Annamacharya, Sri Krishnadevaraya, etc.

·        Media Attacks: Protesters attacked media personnel, damaging equipment.

Events During Protest

·        Injuries: 15 media representatives injured

·        Arrest of Kodandaram: Released at 5 PM

·        Procession: Activists carried Kodandaram to the Pothana statue where KCR was speaking.

Government Response

·        Legal Action: KCR, Kodandaram, and others booked under serious charges

·        Participation: Significant involvement from ten districts during the Million March

·        Cabinet Sub-Committee: Formed under Vatti Vasanth Kumar for statue reinstallation guidelines.

Further Actions

·        Telangana Swabhiman Sabha: Organized on 14th March 2011 by various groups, warning against statue installations until Telangana State formation.

Background and Participation

·        Key Event: Whole Telangana community participated

·        Participants: Teachers, students, public and private trade unions, caste associations

·        Duration: 42 days (13th September – 24th October 2011)

Strike Initiation

·        Strike Notice: 15th July 2011 by trade unions under TJAC to CM Kiran Kumar Reddy

·        Ultimatum: Strike if Telangana State not formed by 1st August 2011

·        Start of Strike: 13th September 2011, Singareni coal workers started the strike at midnight

Key Events During the Strike

·        Jana Garjana Sabha: 12th September 2011 at S.R.R. College, Karimnagar with 10 lakh attendees

·        Government Response: Implementation of G.O. No. 177, salary deductions for employees on strike

·        Police Action: Arrest of TNGO President Swamy Goud on 16th September 2011

·        Highway Blockades: Organized by 67,000 RTC workers from Telangana

·        Mass Strike Participation: Employees from all sectors joined, including medical staff, RTC workers, and electricity board employees

Major Protest Programs

·        Rail Roko: 24th September 2011, followed by a 3-day Rail Roko (15th – 17th October 2011)

·        Silent Protest: 2nd October 2011 at Rajghat, Delhi

·        Maha Dharna: 11th October 2011 by Telangana Employees JAC

Concessions and Resolution

·        Resolution of Strike: Gradual calling off of strikes by various sectors (RTC, Teachers, Singareni workers) from 16th – 24th October 2011

·        Final Agreement with Government: Signed on 24th October 2011 to end the strike

Key Points of the Agreement

1.      Commission Formation: To implement the President’s order.

2.      Criminal Case Withdrawal: For employees without direct involvement.

3.      G.O. No. 177: Government consultation with Advocate General for further action.

4.      Absenteeism Treatment: Consideration of paid leave or partial payment for strike period.

5.      Re-hiring of Contract Workers: Reinstatement of outstanding contract employees.

6.      No Work – No Pay: Special advance for employees to mitigate loss of salaries.

Announcement and Planning

·        Date Announced: 7th July 2012 by Prof. Kodandaram, TJAC Chairman

·        Event Name: Chalo Hyderabad/Telangana March (later renamed Sagara Haram)

·        Slogan: “Intiko manishi, Chethilo Janda – Chalo Hyderabad”

·        Demand: Introduction of Telangana state bill in Parliament

Name Change and Government Response

·        Name Change: 24th September 2012, renamed to “Sagara Haram”

·        Government Refusal: Concern over damage to AP assets, Ganesh immersion, and UN International Conference

·        Conditional Permission: Granted for 30th September, 3 pm to 7 pm, restricted to Necklace Road

Day of the March (30th September 2012)

·        Train Cancellations: All express, passenger, and local trains canceled

·        Police Measures: Osmania University gates closed, roads to Necklace Road barricaded

·        Participants: Nearly 2 lakh activists, including political leaders (excluding Congress and Telugu Desam)

·        Protest Continuation: Activists stayed beyond the 7 pm deadline

Conclusion and Aftermath

·        Police Action: Tear gas used on protestors

·        End of Protest: Announced at 11:30 pm due to rain by JAC leaders

TJAC Bus Yatra:

Purpose

·        Objective: Demand the Central Government to initiate the formation of Telangana

First Phase

·        Date: 21st to 23rd March 2010

·        Route: Gun Park, Hyderabad to Hanumakonda

Second Phase

·        Date: 9th to 12th April 2010

·        Route: Komuravelli to Mancherial

Sadak Bandh

Purpose

·        Objective: Blockade of roads during Assembly Sessions to push for Telangana state formation

Date and Event

·        Date: 21st March 2013

·        Location: National Highway 44, from Shamshabad to Alampur

·        Impact: Massive protest led to traffic blockage on the highway

Nature of Protest

·        Type: Peaceful, innovative form of protest in the Telangana movement

·        Method: People collectively cooked and ate on roads, blocking roads and disrupting transport

·        Activities: Singing, dancing, and dhoom-dhaam throughout the day

First Vanta Varpu Protest

·        Date: 3rd February 2010

·        Occasion: Held in response to the appointment of the “Sri Krishna Commission” by the central government

·        Locations: Roads from Hyderabad to Karimnagar and Hyderabad to Warangal

Subsequent Vanta Varpu Protests

·        Event Date: 19th June 2011

·        Organizer: Telangana Political JAC

·        Program Name: “Putting stoves on the roads of the city”

Manavaharam:

Nature of Protest

·        Type: Human chain (Haram means garland or chain)

·        Purpose: To convey the aspiration for a separate Telangana state to the Central and State governments

·        Participation: People from various sectors of Telangana

First Human Chain Event

·        Date: 4th February 2010

·        Organizer: Telangana Political JAC

·        Coverage: 500 kilometers across 6 districts: Adilabad, Alampur (Mahbubnagar), Nizamabad, Medak, Ranga Reddy, and Hyderabad

·        Significance: Historical event with millions participating, the longest human chain in the country

Subsequent Human Chain Event

·        Date: 5th February 2010

·        Location: National Highway No.9, between Hyderabad and Kodad

Call for Protest

·        Date: 14th June 2013

·        Organizer: Telangana Political JAC

·        Objective: Protest during Assembly sessions for Telangana state formation

·        Government Response: Denied permission for the event

Pre-Event Actions

·        Arrests and Threats: Government began arrests, bind overs, threats, and false cases across Telangana a week prior

·        University Crackdowns: Osmania, Kakatiya, and other university hostels were invaded; students were arrested and tortured

Day of the Event (14th June 2013)

·        Assembly Session Canceled

·        Mass Participation: Thousands of Telangana activists reached the Assembly to participate

·        Police Action: Use of gas spheres and arrests of MLAs and MLCs

·        Prominent Protesters: TRS MLA Dasyam Vinay Bhasker and Vidya Sagar Rao climbed the Assembly building and protested with black flags

Samsad Yatra – Chalo Delhi:

Purpose

·        Objective: Launch a Satyagraha in Delhi during Parliamentary sessions to advocate for a separate Telangana state

Travel and Logistics

·        Special Train: “Telangana Express” provided by South-Central Railway for activists

·        Participants: Nearly 2,000 activists from various political parties

·        Departure Date: 27th April 2013

·        Destination: Delhi

Satyagraha Diksha

·        Date: 29th April 2013

·        Location: Jantar Mantar, Delhi

·        Initiation: Led by Mainstream editor Sumit Chakravarthi

·        Support: National leaders and intellectuals attended to express support for the cause

III.     Telangana Movement

5. Towards Formation of Telangana State (1991-2014)

Theme 2:     Antony Committee

Theme 3:     Srikrishna Committee

Theme 4:     Parliamentary procedure

Theme 5:     Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act

Theme 6:     TRS in 2014 Telangana Assembly Elections

Background and Context

·        Delay in Decision: Union government delayed Telangana decision by forming new committees, including the Srikrishna Committee (Feb 3, 2010)

·        Political Changes:

o   Kirankumar Reddy became Chief Minister (Nov 24, 2010)

o   Jaganmohan Reddy resigned from Congress (Nov 29, 2010)

·        Srikrishna Report: Submitted on Dec 30, 2010

Key Events Leading to Meeting

·        Non-cooperation Movement: Employee movement began (Feb 17, 2011)

·        Million March: Held on March 10, 2011

·        Sakala Janula Samme: Strike began on Sept 11, 2011

All-Party Meeting

·        Home Minister Change: Susheel Kumar Shinde replaced Chidambaram

·        Meeting Date: Dec 28, 2012

·        Objective: Acquaint new Home Minister with the Telangana issue

·        Outcome: Reiteration of previously stated party positions

Political Developments

·        Congress MPs Join TRS: K. Keshava Rao and others leave Congress

·        BJP Meeting: Held in Hyderabad on June 3, 2013, attended by Rajnath Singh

·        Congress Core Committee: Meeting on July 11, 2013, led by Sonia Gandhi, Manmohan Singh, and other leaders, signaling impending Telangana decision

Consultations and Final Decision

·        Delhi Meeting: July 25, 2013, with Kirankumar Reddy, Damodar Rajnarsimha, and Botsa Satyanarayana expressing differing views on Telangana

·        Conclusion of Consultations: Announced on July 26, 2013

CWC Resolution

·        Date: July 30, 2013

·        Decision: Unanimous resolution for Telangana formation with 10 districts, including Hyderabad

·        Common Capital: Hyderabad to serve as common capital for 10 years

·        Endorsement: UPA Coordinating Committee also endorsed the resolution

·        Formed: 6th August 2013

·        Chairman: A.K. Antony

·        Members: Ahmed Patel, Veerappa Moily, Digvijay Singh

·        Purpose: Implement the separation of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana

Key Issues to Address

1.      Hyderabad as Common Capital

2.      Sharing of Water and Mineral Resources

3.      Distribution of State Cadre and Non-Gazetted Officers

4.      Division of Revenue, Assets, and Liabilities

5.      Division of Basic Infrastructure: Healthcare, Education, Transport

6.      Security of Seemandhra People: Livelihood, lands, and properties in Hyderabad

Capital Boundaries Options

1.      Hyderabad Revenue District

2.      Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation (GHMC): 626 sq. km

3.      Hyderabad Metropolitan Development Authority (HMDA): 7,073 sq. km

Recommendations

·        Recommended Capital: GHMC as the common capital

·        Seemandhra Concerns: Assurances to mitigate fears, including rules in the draft bill for equal opportunities in educational institutions for Seemandhra candidates

Formation and Purpose

·        Formed: After approval of Telangana state on October 3, 2013

·        Chairman: A.K. Antony

·        Members: Susheel Kumar Shinde, Chidambaram, Gulam Nabi Azad, Veerappa Moily, Jairam Ramesh

·        Special Invitee: V. Narayana Swamy

·        Objective: Address issues arising from Andhra Pradesh’s bifurcation

Group of Ministers – Terms of Reference

1.      Territories and Institutions: Define territories, constituencies, judicature, and administrative departments for both Telangana and residual Andhra Pradesh.

2.      Common Capital: Legal and administrative arrangements for Hyderabad as the common capital for 10 years.

3.      New Capital for Andhra Pradesh: Steps for developing a new capital for Andhra Pradesh.

4.      Backward Areas: Recommendations for addressing backward districts in both states.

5.      Law and Order: Focus on security and internal order in both Telangana and residual Andhra Pradesh.

6.      National Project Status for Polavaram: Address river and irrigation water sharing, along with other natural resources.

7.      Electricity: Recommendations on electricity production, supply, and distribution.

8.      Government Corporations: Division of assets, liabilities, and funds of government corporations.

9.      Employee Allocation: Guidelines for allotment of employees between the two states.

10.   Presidential Order (Article 371-D): Address issues related to the implementation of the Presidential order after the division.

11.   General Problems: Provide recommendations for other issues arising from the bifurcation.

·        Meetings: Discussions with various political parties, ministers, secretaries, and organizations.

·        Consultation Dates: Invited views from all parties on November 12 and 13, 2013.

AIMIM with GOM

• Position: Opposed central administration of Hyderabad
• Concerns: Impact on Muslims and Dalits
• Demand: Anti-communal violence bill

CPM with GOM

• Position: Supported united Andhra Pradesh
• Policy: Linguistic-based states, reduce regional disparities

YSRCP with GOM

• Position: Supported united Andhra Pradesh

CPI with GOM

• Position: Law and order machinery in Hyderabad
• Recommendations: Water board, continue Article 371-D

BJP with GOM

• Position: Called for all-party meeting with national parties

Congress with GOM

• Telangana Leaders: Favored Telangana state with Hyderabad
• Seemandhra Leaders: Some wanted Hyderabad as Union Territory

TRS with GOM

• Position: No administrative restrictions on Telangana
• Demands: Five-year common capital, Bhadrachalam in Telangana, water allocation review

TDP with GOM

• Position: Abstained, demanded equal justice in division

Central Ministers with GOM

• Telangana Ministers: Supported Telangana, Bhadrachalam in Telangana
• Seemandhra Ministers: Hyderabad as Union Territory or HMDA

Kiran Kumar Reddy with GOM

• Position: Opposed division, warned of problems
• Alternative: Economic package for Telangana

Secretaries of Ministries with GOM

• Key Issues: Rayala Telangana, Hyderabad, Polavaram
• Outcome: Separation bill drafted, sent to cabinet

Final GOM Decision

• Cabinet Meeting: December 5, 2013
• Outcome: Approval of Telangana with 10 districts
• Next Steps: Bill sent to President and Assembly

·        Date: 3rd February 2010

·        Official Name: Committee for Consultations on the Situation in Andhra Pradesh (CCSAP)

·        Chairperson: Justice B.N. Srikrishna

·        Objective: Examine the demand for a separate Telangana state

Report Submission

·        Date of Submission: 30th December 2010

·        Content: Comprehensive report with analysis, findings, and recommendations on the Telangana statehood movement

Historical Context:

·       Telangana’s History: Part of the princely state of Hyderabad

·        Merger: Merged with Andhra in 1956 to form Andhra Pradesh based on linguistic lines

Grievances and Agitations

·        Issues: Perceived economic neglect, lack of employment opportunities, cultural differences

·        Periodic Agitations: Demands for Telangana statehood grew over the decades

Intensification of Movement

·        Leadership: Led by Telangana Rashtra Samithi (TRS) and regional groups in the late 2000s

·        Central Government Response: Formation of the Srikrishna Committee

1.      Historical Context: Examination of the demand for a separate Telangana.

2.      Socio-economic Conditions: Assessment of the socio-economic situation in the region.

3.      Concerns and Aspirations: Understanding the perspectives of people across Andhra Pradesh.

4.      Potential Solutions: Propose solutions and evaluate the impact of bifurcation on the state’s economy and administration.

Composition of the Srikrishna Committee

·        Chairman: Justice B.N. Srikrishna

·        Members:

o   Dr. Ranbir Singh

o   Dr. Abusaleh Shariff

o   Ravinder Kaur

o   Vinod K. Duggal (Member-Secretary)

Methodology of the Srikrishna Committee:

Data Collection

·        Public Hearings: Conducted across various regions of Andhra Pradesh

·        Meetings: Engaged with political parties, civil society organizations, industry representatives, and citizens

Analysis and Research

·        Document Analysis: Reviewed historical documents, economic data, and socio-political literature

·        Independent Surveys and Studies: Commissioned expert surveys and studies

Objective

·        Goal: Achieve a balanced, unbiased understanding of the situation by considering diverse viewpoints

Socio-Economic Disparities

·        Disparities: Significant socio-economic differences between Telangana and the rest of Andhra Pradesh

·        Regional Variations: Backwardness varied across different districts in Telangana

·        Comparison: Similar disparities existed in other regions of Andhra Pradesh

Historical Grievances

·        Gentlemen’s Agreement: Promised safeguards for Telangana in 1956 but perceived as violated over time

·        Key Issues: Employment, water resources, political representation

Public Sentiment

·        Support for Telangana: Strong support in Telangana for statehood, driven by regional identity and perceived neglect

·        Opposition to Bifurcation: Notable opposition in coastal Andhra and Rayalaseema due to fears of economic and political instability

Recommendations of the Srikrishna Committee:

1.    Maintaining Status Quo

2.    Bifurcation into Telangana and Andhra States

3.    Telangana State with Hyderabad as Union Territory

4.    Bifurcation with Hyderabad as Joint Capital

5.    Integrated Andhra Pradesh with Regional Councils

6.    Creation of Rayala-Telangana

Bottom of Form

Political Reactions

·        Mixed Reactions: Varied responses to the report

·        TRS Criticism: Telangana supporters criticized the lack of clear support for statehood

·        Opposition in Coastal Andhra and Rayalaseema: Concerns about economic and administrative challenges

Central Government’s Decision

·        Creation of Telangana: Central government moved forward with state formation

·        CWC Resolution: Congress Working Committee recommended Telangana formation on July 30, 2013

·        Legislative Process: Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Bill passed in February 2014

Formation of Telangana

·        Date of Formation: Telangana officially formed on June 2, 2014

Introduction of the Bill

·        Date of Bill Approval: December 6, 2013 (Union Cabinet)

·        President’s Consent: Sent to state assembly for views within 6 weeks (deadline: January 23, 2014)

·        Bill Introduced in Assembly: December 16, 2013, by Speaker Nadendla Manohar

Initial Chaos in Assembly

·        Adjournments: House adjourned several times due to commotion (Dec 16, Dec 17, Dec 18, Jan 3, Jan 6)

·        Legislative Affairs Change: Sridharbabu replaced by Shailajanath (Jan 2, 2014)

Advisory Committee and Objections

·        Amendments Deadline: Speaker announced that amendments could be submitted by January 10, 2014

·        Sampoorna Telangana Sadhana Deeksha: Organized by JAC on January 7, 2014, at Indira Park

·        First Discussion: Initiated by Minister Vatti Vasantha Kumar on January 8, 2014

Further Debates and Amendments

·        Key Speakers:

o   Loksatta leader Jayaprakash Narayan (January 18, 2014)

o   Shailaja Nath (January 19, 2014)

·        Amendments and Suggestions: 9039 amendments submitted in the form of a CD on January 20, 2014

·        Chief Minister’s Opposition: Kiran Kumar Reddy opposed the bill on January 22-23, 2014, stating the need for the original bill instead of a draft

Extension of Time and Additional Requests

• Deadline Extension: Time extended to January 30, 2014, by the President after a request for more time
• Further Request: Kiran Kumar Reddy requested an additional three weeks, leading to agitation by Telangana representatives

Final Day of Discussion

• Final Day: January 30, 2014
• Speaker’s Summary: 87 members spoke, 9072 amendments received, written opinions recorded
• Chief Minister’s Motion: Kiran Kumar Reddy moved a resolution to reject the bill under rule 77, causing further disturbance in the house

Submission and Review of Amendments

·        Assembly Report Sent: February 1, 2014, forwarded to Delhi on February 3, 2014

·        Group of Ministers Review: Discussed 9072 amendments, 87 members’ opinions, 1157 council amendments, Kiran Kumar Reddy’s resolution, 10 unofficial resolutions, and 18,000 emails

Bill’s Path to Parliament

·        Bill Sent to President: February 9, 2014

·        Law Ministry Decision: No constitutional amendment required for Telangana bill (February 12, 2014)

·        Cabinet Decision: Polavaram submerged villages reduced to 134 (February 12, 2014)

·        Introduction in Lok Sabha: Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Bill – 2013 introduced by Susheel Kumar Shinde on February 13, 2014

·        Bill Passed in Lok Sabha: Passed by voice vote on February 18, 2014

Rajya Sabha Debate and Approval

·        Bill in Rajya Sabha: Reached Rajya Sabha on February 19, 2014

·        Rajya Sabha Discussion: Started on February 20, 2014 with protests from Seemandhra MPs; adjourned 12 times

·        BJP Support: Announced by Arun Jaitley

·        Prime Minister’s Assurances to Andhra Pradesh:

1.      Central assistance and special status for 13 districts of Andhra Pradesh

2.      Incentives for industrialization and economic growth in both states

3.      Special development packages for Rayalaseema and north coastal Andhra

4.      Central execution of Polavaram project

5.      Measures for staff, finance, assets distribution, and liabilities

6.      Resource deficit reconciliation for Andhra Pradesh in 2014-15 central budget

Final Approval and Passage

·        Final Vote: Passed by voice vote in Rajya Sabha

·        Relay Hunger Strike Withdrawn: February 23, 2014

·        Bill Signed by President: March 1, 2014

Implementation of Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act

·        Act Gazetted: March 1, 2014 as the Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act – 2014

·        Cabinet Decision: Added seven mandals of Bhadrachalam to Andhra before Act implementation

·        Appointed Day: Declared by Home Ministry as June 2, 2014

·        Telangana State Formation: Officially formed on June 2, 2014

Structure of Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act

·        Contents: 12 parts, 13 schedules, 108 sections

12 Parts of the Act

1. Preliminary/Preamble
2. Reorganization of Andhra Pradesh
3. Representation in the Legislatures
4. High Court
5. Authorization of Expenditure & Revenue Distribution
6. Apportionment of Assets & Liabilities
7. Provisions for Certain Corporations
8. Provisions for All India Services
9. Water Resources Management & Development
10. Infrastructure & Special Economic Measures
11. Access to Higher Education
12. Legal & Miscellaneous Provisions

Historical Background

·        Creation of Telangana: Became India’s 29th state on June 2, 2014

·        TRS Role: Led the decades-long agitation for statehood, primarily by K. Chandrashekar Rao (KCR)

·        Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act: Passed in February 2014

Election Campaign

·        TRS Campaign: Focused on regional identity, development, water scarcity, employment, and infrastructure

·        Opposition Campaigns:

o   Congress: Claimed credit for Telangana formation but weakened by internal divisions and anti-incumbency

o   TDP-BJP Alliance: Hoped to combine TDP’s regional and BJP’s national influence but lacked voter resonance

Election Results

·        Election Date: Held on April 30, 2014

·        TRS Victory: Won 63 out of 119 seats

·        Congress: Secured only 21 seats

·        TDP-BJP Alliance: TDP won 15 seats, BJP 5 seats

·        MIM: Won 7 seats

·        Other Parties: Smaller parties and independents filled the remaining seats

Formation of First Government

·        Swearing-in Ceremony: Held on June 2, 2014, KCR became the first Chief Minister of Telangana

·        Inclusive Cabinet: Members chosen to represent diverse regions and communities within Telangana

Chief Minister: K. Chandrashekar Rao (KCR)

·        Portfolios: General Administration, Law and Order, Revenue, Commercial Taxes, Municipal Administration, Urban Development

·        Responsibilities: Leadership of the state, land reforms, law enforcement, urban development

Key Ministers and Their Portfolios

1.      Mohammed Mahmood Ali: Deputy Chief Minister, Revenue

2.      T. Harish Rao: Irrigation, Marketing, Legislative Affairs

3.      E. Rajender: Finance, Planning, Small Savings, State Lotteries

4.      K.T. Rama Rao (KTR): IT, Electronics, Municipal Administration, Urban Development, Industries, Commerce, Mines, Public Enterprises

5.      G. Jagadish Reddy: Education

6.      P. Mahender Reddy: Transport

7.      T. Nageswara Rao: Roads and Buildings

8.      Jogu Ramanna: Forests, Environment, Backward Classes Welfare

9.      Pocharam Srinivas Reddy: Agriculture

10.   Talasani Srinivas Yadav: Commercial Taxes, Cinematography

11.   Patnam Mahender Reddy: Transport

1. Agriculture and Irrigation

·        Mission Kakatiya: Rejuvenation of 45,000 tanks and lakes to improve irrigation and address water scarcity in rural areas.

2. Welfare Programs

·        Aasara Pension Scheme: Financial support for the elderly, widows, and disabled individuals.

·        Kalyana Lakshmi & Shaadi Mubarak: Financial assistance for marriages of girls from economically disadvantaged families.

3. Industrial Development

·        TS-iPASS: Telangana State Industrial Project Approval and Self-Certification System to simplify industrial approvals and enhance ease of doing business.

4. Education and Health

·        KG to PG Initiative: Free education from kindergarten to postgraduate level.

·        Healthcare Upgrades: Improvement of medical institutions and healthcare services.

5. Urban Development

·        Hyderabad as a Global City: Infrastructure development, public transportation improvements, and smart city projects for sustainability.

6. Law and Order

·        Strengthening Law Enforcement: Measures to maintain peace, security, and communal harmony, especially in Hyderabad as a business hub.